Neural crest stem cells

Bone morphogenetic proteins stimulate astrogenesis 508 Neural crest stem cells give rise to neuronal or glial derivatives in the peripheral nervous system 509... 

Morrison SJ, Perez SE, Qiao Z, Verdi JM, Hicks C, Weiiimaster G, Anderson DJ (2000) Transient Notch activation initiates an irreversible switch fiom neurogenesis to gliogeiiesis by neural crest stem cells. Cell 101 499-510. 

Joseph NM, Mosher JT, Buchstaller J et al. (2008) The loss of Nfl transiently promotes self-renewal but not tumorigenesis by neural crest stem cells. Cancer Cell 13 129-140... 

The second family of secreted proteins that is covalently lipidated is the family of Wnt proteins. They are also involved in numerous processes like proliferation of stem cells, specification of the neural crest, and the expanding of specific cell types. The correct regulation of this pathway is important for animal development. Willert and coworkers were the first to isolate an active Wnt molecule. Mass spectroscopy studies carried out with the isolated protein revealed that cysteine 93 is palmitoylated. Mutating this amino acid to alanine led to almost complete loss of the signaling activity. Later in 2006, a second lipidation was found on a serine in Wnt3a. " In this case, the hydroxyl side chain is acylated with palmitoleic acid. This unsaturated fatty acid seems to be crucial for the progression of the protein through the secretory pathway. The attachment of two different lipid chains may therefore serve different functions. ... 

APUD (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) cells are derived from the neuroblast (stem cells that give rise to nerve cells and neural crest cells) or the entoderm. They have the ability to synthesize and release peptide hormones and, as their name implies, take up amine precursors (e.g., dopa) and decarboxylate them, producing hormonal amines (e.g., dopamine). 

Gosau, M., G Tz, W., Felthaus, O., Ettl, T., J Ger, A., Morsczeck, C., 2013. Comparison of the differentiation potential of neural crest derived progenitor cells from apical papilla (dNC-PCs) and stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) into mineralising cells. Arch. Oral Biol. 58, 699-706. 

Dupin E, Calloni G, Real C, et al. Neural crest progenitors and stem cells. C R Biol 2007 330(6-7) 521-529. 

LaBonne, C. and Bronner-Fraser M. (1998) Induction and patterning of the neural crest, a stem cell-like precursor population . Journal of Neurobiology, 36, 175-89. 

Nagoshi, N., Shibata, S., Kubota, Y, Nakamura, M., Nagai, Y, Satoh, E., Morikawa, S. et aL 2008. Ontogeny and multipotency of neural crest-derived stem cells in mouse bone marrow, dorsal root gangha, and whisker pad. Cell Stem Cell, 2 392-403. 

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