Network security

Release data related to the SCADA network only on a strict, need-to-know basis, and only to persons explicitly authorized to receive such information. Social engineering, the gathering of information about a computer or computer network via questions to naive users, is often the first step in a malicious attack on computer networks. The more information revealed about a computer or computer network, the more vulnerable the computer/network is. Never divulge data revealed to a SCADA network, including the names and contact information about the system operators/administrators, computer operating systems, and/or physical and logical locations of computers and network systems over telephones or to personnel unless they are explicitly authorized to receive such information. Any requests for information by unknown persons need to be sent to a central network security location for verification and fulfillment. People can be a weak link in an otherwise secure network. Conduct training and information awareness... 

An assurance that the physical hardware, software, and the regulated electronic records are maintained in a secure environment is critical to the validated status of a computer system, particularly if it is an enterprise level system. Security must be instituted at several levels. Procedural controls must govern the physical access to computer systems (physical security). The access to individual computer system platforms is controlled by network specific security procedures (network security). Finally, application level security and associated authority checks control access to the computer system applications (applications security). 

The process for setting up user access to a network is the responsibility of the appropriate network security administration personnel. The technical preparation, education, and training for personnel performing administration tasks are fundamental. The determination of what is required and the provision of documented evidence of technical preparation, and the education/personnel training, are key regulatory requirements (Part 11.10(i)). 

Procedural controls that specify the manner in which network security is administered must be established and documented. Network users must be trained in the policies, practices, and procedures concerning network security. 

The management of network user accounts is a key procedural control. This process includes the request for the addition, modification, and removal of access privileges (Part 11.10(g)). The request must be approved by the appropriate manager, documented, and submitted to the network security administration for implementation. 

Which are the perspectives to be considered At least it is possible to identify four national security, law enforcement, business assurance and continuity, and technical information and network security [8]0. 

At the country level there are potential conflicts between national security objectives and private companies information and network security objectives. At the international level this problem might acquire important proportions. 

Keywords Mobile ad-hoc networks Distributed sensor networks Secure routing Vulnerability Embedded systems Low-power design... 

One of the pioneers of the network security and reliability who investigated large communication networks in 1960s was Paul Baran from the RAND Corporation [1],Another pioneer was Leonard Kleinrock. At about the same time the famous mathematical genius Paul Erdos and his collaborator Alfred Renyi investigated random networks. 

Stallings, W., Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice, Prentice-Hall, 1998. 

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are used as a computer network security tool and permit to alert an administrator in case of attack. The main goal of IDS is to detect and recognize network attacks in real time. Nowadays there exist different approaches for intrusion detection. It is signature analysis, rule-based method, embedded sensors, neural networks, artificial immune systems [1]—[6] and so on. The most of these IDS can detect the known attacks and have poor ability to detect new attacks. 

Network security administration System security administration Physical security administration User account administration... 

A Risk Assessment directed toward IPC and network security can identify a range of technical and management controls with the aim of preventing, detecting, and recovering from security chaUenges. ... 

Once a network is validated, care must be taken to maintain its validation status. Tests should be formally recorded when new systems are connected to a validated network even if the new systems themselves do not require validation. The addition of a new system to a network will alter traffic loading and hence could compromise the responsiveness of the network. Security, too, could be compromised. Networks often employ firewalls to protect sensitive portions of a network from interference or abuse. 

Corporate Network Security. At the broadest level, access to the electronic file room must be monitored in the same way as access to the physical file room. 

The look, or format, of the data, network security, and file transfers is determined by the Presentation layer. It performs protocol conversion and manages data compression. Data translation and encryption are handled at this layer. Also, the character set information is determined at this level. (The character set determines which numbers represent which alphanumeric characters.)... 

Local Users and Groups As the Windows 2000 Professional station maintains its own list of security accounts, this is where those accounts are stored and modified. For a user to log onto a Windows 2000 station, they must have a user account defined in the Local Users and Groups utility or they must use a network security provider, such as a Windows 2000 Active Directory or Novell s NetWare Directory Services. 

Java A programming language based on C++ to achieve the IT industry objective of developing software once to run on any platform. Java also provides an architecture-independent platform (Java Virtual Machine) to provide automatic code distribution with a network security. 

Transportation iirfrastracture improvements Access to new modes of transportation Safety and security technologies Operational technologies Supply chain partners and networks Security threats... 

Effective network security is important to ensure ERP data are not corrupted or accessed by unauthorized personnel. Threats can come from viruses or external sources such as vandals via the Internet. More than 10,000 viruses exist, with an estimated 6 new viruses appearing each day. Network virus protection combats this threat but requires constant updates to detect new strains (e.g., the recent Laroux virus). Installing a firewall is one of the best ways to protect networks from attacks via the Internet. Whatever the protection strategy employed, close monitoring and auditing is important to ensure the protection is effective. 

Access control Backup control Ongoing maintenance Master data User training Network security Contingency planning Stock counts/cycle counting... 

At the end of PQ, the PQ Report is produced which summarizes the continued operation of the LIMS for the initial period following going live. During this period, the LIMS is expected to have stabilized in terms of user support requests, system performance, changes implemented as a result of the qualification process and network security/integrity. Networks are discussed in detail in Chapter 12. 

Logical security (e.g., user accounts and password policy [theory and practice], access control lists [ACLs], network security)... 

Security (authorization control, access permissions, virus checks, network security)... 

Liu qiiuhong, Xu Guangfei. 2013. Role Exploring of Neural Network in Computer Network Security Assessment. Coal Technology 32 270-272. 

Computer and network security should be protected in several ways. Computer, server, and telecommunication rooms should be physically secured by locks. Computers should have firewalls and encryption available for sensitive documents. The principles of least access, need to know, and separation of functions should determine user authorizations rather than employee hierarchy. Only authorized personnel should have access to computer rooms and signs should not be posted indicating the location of the room. 

Hu, H. 2007. Reliability Analysis for Component-based Software System in Open Distributed Environments. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security 7(5) 193-202. 

Network Access Control (NAC) is a networking concept which defines how to protect networks by controlling the access of nodes. NAC protects enterprise network by ensuring all the nodes accessing the network conform to network security policies. The conformance of nodes to security policies is evaluated... 

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