Nephritis glomerulonephritis

Pyelonephritis, interstitial nephritis Glomerulonephritis, renal infard, lupus nephritis, vasculitis... 

Cardiac effects of solvents are of three types A, alterations in rhyflmi B, cardiomyopathy and C, hypertension directly and via renal changes as in interstitial nephritis, glomerulonephritis and Goodpasture s syndrome. ... 

Brown, muddy granular casts (highly indicative of ATN) Proteinuria (glomerulonephritis or allergic interstitial nephritis) Eosinophiluria (acute interstitial nephritis)... 

Glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, renal infarction, papillary necrosis, renal tumors, kidney stones Pyelonephritis, interstitial nephritis... 

Hogan, S. L. et al., Silica exposure in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 12, 134, 2001. 

For glomerulonephritis, several immunological models are available [150]. For example, injection of an antibody against thymocytes (anti-Thy 1.1 nephritis) causes a rapid mesangi-olysis followed by proliferation [151,152]. 

A 62-year old woman was admitted to hospital with lupus nephritis. A kidney biopsy showed a mesangio-proliferative glomerulonephritis (WHO class III). After 4 months of inadequate response to traditional... 

All of these therapies are under development. The treatment of SLE is still a challenging task for the physician. The importance of the effective treatment of lupus nephritis is reflected by the results of mass urinary screening for school children in Taiwan The most important secondary glomerulonephritis discovered by the screening is SLE with lupus nephritis (L19). In order to achieve a better prognosis, physicians need to be familiar with the effects of autoantibodies, diagnose SLE early, and treat it with appropriate methods. 

Various experimental procedures were described as models for glomerulonephritis in human beings. Most of them were developed in rats and rabbits. They involve the reactions of antibodies against renal components, such as Masugi nephritis (Masugi and Sato 1934), Heymann nephritis (Heymann 1959), nephrotoxic serum nephritis (Unanue and Dixon 1967), crescentic type anti-glomerular membrane nephritis (Nagoe et al. 1994, 1998), anti-Thyl nephritis (Chen etal. 1999). 

Okuda S, Languino LR, Ruoslathi E, Border WA (1990) Elevated expression of transforming growth factor-p and proteoglycan production in experimental glomerulonephritis. Possible role in expansion of the mesangial extracellular matrix. J Clin Invest 86 453 162 Rennke HG, Klein PS, Sandstrom DJ, Mendrick DL (1994) Cell-mediated immune injury in the kidney Acute nephritis induced by azobenzenearsonate. Kidney Intern 45 1044-1056... 

A prerenal mechanism secondary to the vascular leak syndrome is commonly involved in the pathophysiology of acute renal insufficiency. In addition it has been suggested that a direct intrinsic intrarenal effect of aldesleukin with a higher than expected reduction in glomerular filtration rate or tubular dysfunction (85,89) is involved. Several isolated cases of acute interstitial or tubulointerstitial nephritis with predominant T lymphocjde infiltration of the kidneys (90-92) and the exacerbation of a subchnical IgA glomerulonephritis (93) suggested altered cell-mediated immunity. 

A review of 15 other available reports of renal insufficiency and proteinuria in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia or other malignancies confirmed that the histological spectrum of renal lesions associated with interferon alfa is varied, and includes membranous glomerulonephritis, minimal change glomerulonephritis, acute interstitial nephritis, hemolytic-uremic sjmdrome, and thrombotic microangiopathy. Renal comphcations were reversible in nine patients three patients had persistent proteinuria, and four had persistent renal dysfunction, of whom three required chronic hemodialysis. Two-thirds of the patients developed renal comphcations within 1 month of treatment with interferon alfa, and one-third had received a relatively low dosage of interferon alfa (9-15 MU/week). 

Like many other NSAIDs, ketoprofen can cause acute interstitial nephritis (10). Renal insufficiency and the nephrotic syndrome due to membranous glomerulonephritis (an unusual cause of NSAID-induced nephrotic syndrome) have been described in an elderly patient taking long-term ketoprofen (SEDA-12, 86). 

Long-term outcomes in a series of seven children who developed myeloperoxidase-specific ANCA-positive necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with propylthiouracil were studied in Japan (67). Three had nephritis alone and four had extrarenal vasculitis. All had taken glucocorticoids, some with additional drugs, and aU... 

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