Nanostructure fabrication

Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, are attractive biopolymers that can be used for biomedical applications [175,176], nanostructure fabrication [177,178], computing [179,180], and materials for electron-conduction [181,182]. Immobilization of DNA and RNA in well-defined nanostructures would be one of the most unique subjects in current nanotechnology. Unfortunately, a silica surface cannot usually adsorb duplex DNA in aqueous solution due to the electrostatic repulsion between the silica surface and polyanionic DNA. However, Fujiwara et al. recently found that duplex DNA in protonated phosphoric acid form can adsorb on mesoporous silicates, even in low-salt aqueous solution [183]. The DNA adsorption behavior depended much on the pore size of the mesoporous silica. Plausible models of DNA accommodation in mesopore silica channels are depicted in Figure 4.20. Inclusion of duplex DNA in mesoporous silicates with larger pores, around 3.8 nm diameter, would be accompanied by the formation of four water monolayers on the silica surface of the mesoporous inner channel (Figure 4.20A), where sufficient quantities of Si—OH groups remained after solvent extraction of the template (not by calcination). 

Nanostructure Fabrication Processes Photovoltaic Cells Nanostructured Coatings Semiconductors Nanotechnology Memory... 

The renewed interested in ZnO as an optoelectronic material has been triggered by reports on p-type conductivity, diluted ferromagnetic properties, thin film oxide field effect transistors, and considerable progress in nanostructure fabrication. All these topics are the subject of a recently published book [11],... 

ON SOME SPECIAL FEATURES OF CARBON NANOSTRUCTURE FABRICATION IN ARGON ARC DISCHARGE... 

Lu, Y., et al. (2005), Shaping biodegradable polymers as nanostructures Fabrication and applications, Drug Discov. Today Techno., 2(1), 97-102. 

Plasmonic en neering provides the flmdamentals for nanostructure fabrication exploiting the unique optical propolies of certain metals (mainly silver and gold) and advancing the development and applications of plasmon enhanced luminescence. Nanostructures can not only be fabricated to provide enhancement throughout the UV-Vis spectrum but also for near infiared excitation and emissions. 

Some ideas and experimental results related to the effect of switching magnetic domain walls in three- and four-arm nanostructures, fabricated from ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As layers, are presented. Changes in electrical resistance of those structures, accompanying switching, could be used in spintronic devices. 

PERIODIC NANOSTRUCTURES FABRICATED BY ANODIC OXIDATION OF VALVE METAL FILMS... 

Nanoparticles fabricated in such a way possess a good adhesion to the surface. Previously it was shown that surface relief strongly affects the topology of gold deposition. A pretextured semiconductor surfaces can be used as templates for ID, 2D ordered nanostructure fabrication [4]. The polished (100) surfaces of n-GaAs single crystal were used for the metal deposition. Typical gold nanoparticle ensembles are shown in Fig. la. Silver nanoparticles (Fig. lb) are of 30 - 60 nm in diameter and uniformly cover the surface. 

Computer aided, nanostructural fabrication of active sites producing economically viable catalyst structures... 

The process of 3D nanostructure fabrication by the FIB-CVD method consists of several stages. At the first stage, a DEC pillar that supports the formed structure on a silicon substrate is formed. The beam position at the pillar construction is fixed, and the pillar diameter is determined by the... 

Kometani, R., Hoshino, T., Warisawa, S., and S. Ishihara. 2009. Growth characteristics evaluations on the 3D nanostructure fabrication by the high accuracy control of focused-ion-beam. Microelectronic Engineering 86 552-555. 

Kometani, R., Morita, T., Watanabe, K. et al. 2003. Nozzle-nanostructure fabrication on glass capillary by focused-ion-beam chemical vapor deposition and etching. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 42 4107-4110. 

Matsui, S. 2007. Focused-ion-beam deposition for 3-D nanostructure fabrication. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B257 758-764. 

Matsui, S., Kaito, T, Fujita, J. et al. 2000. Three-dimensional nanostructure fabrication by focused-ion-beam chemical vapor deposition. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 18 3181-3184. 

Scalia, L. 2005. New challenge on hthography process for nanostructure fabrication. In Emerging Applications of Radiation in Nanotechnology, ed. A. G. Chmielewski, IAEA TECEKX -1438, pp. 213-219. Vienna, Austria IAEA. 

Griffith S, Mondol M, Kong DS, Jacobson JM. Nanostructure fabrication by direct electron beam writing of nanoparticles. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 2002 20 2768-2772. 

D. Czaplewski, J. Kameoka, and H. G. Craighead, NonUthographic approach to nanostructure fabrication using a scanned electrospinning source, J. Vac. ScL Technol. B (Microelect. Nanometer Struct.), 21, 2994—2997 (2003). 

Kim SS, Chun C, Hong JC, Kim DY. 2006a. Well ordered Ti02 nanostructures fabricated using surface relief gratings on polymer films. J Mater Chem 16 370 375. 

Hamley IW. 2003. Nanostructure fabrication using block copolymers. Nanotechnology 14 R39 R54. 

Nanostructures fabricated by ENT (a) Nickel nanotubes [7] (b) square nanocells of AI2O3 [12] and (c) Si02 nanodots on silicon wafer [10],... 

Namatsu, H., Yamazaki, K., and Kurihara, K., Supercritical drying for nanostructure fabrication without pattern collapse. Microelectronic Engineering, 46,129-132,1999. 

Sun, Y., Kiang, C.-H., 2005. DNA-based artificial nanostructures fabrication, properties,... 

FIBI has been studied in the etching mask, nanoholes fabrication, and 3D nanostructures fabrication. The FIBl layer could be used as etching mask in the microfabrication based on that the etching rate of FIB irradiated area is much lower than that of nonirradiated area... 

The STM can be used not only in ultrahigh vacuum but also in ambient of air, water, liquid, or gas, and at temperatures ranging from nearzero Kelvin to a few hundred degrees Celsius. Apart from surface topograph imaging, since the quantum tunneling also depends on the chemical nature of sample and tip, the STM also serves for characterization of electronic properties of solid samples, atomic manipulation, and nanostructure fabrication. 

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