Nanostructure ordering

Keywords Absorption behavior Charge transport Crystallization Nanostructure Ordered nanostructure Poly(3-hexylthiophene)... 

Golan Y, Ter-Ovanesyan E, Manassen Y, Margulis L, Hodes G, Rubinstein I, BitheU EG, Hutchison JL (1996) Electrodeposited quantum dots IV. Epitaxial short-range order in amorphous semiconductor nanostructures. Surf Sci 350 277-284... 

The introduction of new synthetic techniques has led to the discoveries of many new electronic materials with improved properties [20-22]. However, similar progress has not been forthcoming in the area of heterogeneous catalysis, despite the accumulation of considerable information regarding structure-reactivity correlations for such catalysts [14-19]. The synthetic challenge in this area stems from the complex and metastable nature of the most desirable catalytic structures. Thus, in order to minimize phase separation and destruction of the most efficient catalytic centers, low-temperature methods and complicated synthetic procedures are often required [1-4]. Similar challenges are faced in many other aspects of materials research and, in general, more practical synthetic methods are required to achieve controlled, facile assembly of complex nanostructured materials [5-11]. 

Blockcopolymer microphase separation [9] Depending on the length of chemically different blocks of monomers in a block copolymer, ordered nanostructures can be obtained in bulk samples and thin films. The film morphology can differ significantly from the bulk morphology, but because the structure is determined by the pair-pair interaction of monomers and/or an interface, and it is a thermodynamically stable structure, it is classified as self-assembly. 

As aforementioned, diblock copolymer films have a wide variety of nanosized microphase separation structures such as spheres, cylinders, and lamellae. As described in the above subsection, photofunctional chromophores were able to be doped site-selectively into the nanoscale microdomain structures of the diblock copolymer films, resulting in nanoscale surface morphological change of the doped films. The further modification of the nanostructures is useful for obtaining new functional materials. Hence, in order to create further surface morphological change of the nanoscale microdomain structures, dopant-induced laser ablation is applied to the site-selectively doped diblock polymer films. 

As has been shown above, oscillatory electrodeposition is interesting from the point of view of the production of micro- and nanostructured materials. However, in situ observation of the dynamic change of the deposits had been limited to the micrometer scale by use of an optical microscope. Inspections on the nanometer scale were achieved only by ex situ experiments. Thus, information vdth regard to dynamic nanostructural changes of deposits in the course of the oscillatory growth was insufHcient, although it is very important to understand how the macroscopic ordered structures are formed with their molecular- or nano-components in a self-organized manner. 

We have reviewed studies of the self-organized formation of ordered nanostructures by oscillatory electrodeposition. Although the mechanism is totally different in different cases and the structures of the resultant deposits vary greatly, they agree in that a unit structure is formed with one cycle of the oscillation. Periodic ordered... 

Sun CQ. 2007. Size dependence of nanostructures Impact of bond order deficiency. Prog Solid State Chem 35 1-159... 

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