Musk ambrette ketone

Hawkins DR, Elsom LF, Kirkpatrick D, Ford RA, Api AM (2002) Dermal absorption and disposition of musk ambrette, musk ketone and musk xylene in human subjects. Toxicol Lett 131 147-151... 

The base note also contains the important accord between methyl ionone (10%), vetiveryl acetate, sandalwood, musk ketone, and originally musk ambrette. These materials together with the carnation make up the immediately recognizable central character of the perfume. 

Nitromusks, 117. 121. 126. 231. See also Musk ambrette, Musk ketone, Musk xylene... 

RIFM has recommended discontinuance of the use of acetylethyl tetramethyltetralin, 6-methylcoumarin, musk ambrette, and musk ketone. Another self-imposed ingredient restriction concerns the use of potential nitrosating agents in products containing various (secondary) alkanol amines, in light of the hazard of nitrosamine formation. In the European Union, (E.U.), the use of tri- and di-ethanolamine is restricted. 

Some of the widely used synthetic fixatives are amyl benzoate, phenethyl, phenyl acetate, cinnamic alcohol esters, acetophenone, musk ambrette, musk ketone, musk xylols, vanillin, coumarin, etc. [41]. 

Motten, A.G., Chignell, C.F., and Mason, R.P. (1983) Spectroscopic studies of cutaneous photosensitizing agents. VI. Identification of the free radicals generated during the photolysis of musk ambrette, musk xylene and musk ketone, Photochem. Photobiol., 38, 671-678. 

Musk Ketone and Musk Ambrette. Musk Ketone is considered to have the closest odour to that of natural musk, and Musk Ambrette, as its name implies, has an odour reminiscent of ambrette seeds. Other nitromusks, which were discovered later, include Musk Tibetine and Moskene. The structures of these, together with the synthetic routes to Musk Xylene and Musk Ketone, are shown in Figure 4.51. Both of these are prepared from m-xylene through initial f-butylation. Nitration of the z-butyldimethylbenze ne thus produced gives Musk Xylene, and acetylation followed by nitration gives Musk Ketone. The other nitromusks are prepared by similar combinations of classical aromatic reactions. 

Methyl-1-propanethiol Methyl propionate 3-Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1 -one Methyl propyl ketone 2-Methylpyrazine flavoring agent, synthetic food Methyl salicylate Methyl sorbate 5-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde 2-Methyl-3-tolylpropionaldehyde, mixed o-, m-, p-Methyl 9-undecenoate Methyl 2-undecynoate Methyl valerate MSG Musk ambrette Myrcene Myristaldehyde Myristyl alcohol Myrtenol 2-Naphthalenethiol P-Naphthyl ethyl ether P-Naphthyl isobutyl ether d-Neomenthol Nerol Neryl acetate Neryl butyrate Neryl formate Neryl isobutyrate Neryl isovalerate Neryl propionate... 

Wisneski H (2001) Determination of musk ambrette, musk xylol, and musk ketone in fragrance products by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection. J AOAC Int 84 376-381... 

Musk Baur Musk Xylene Musk Ketone Musk Ambrette... 

Baur went on to synthesize even better nitromusks, notably Musk Xylene, Musk Ketone and Musk Ambrette. These and similar molecules e.g. Musk Moskene and Musk Tibetine) became widely used in the perfume industry. The famous French perfumer Ernest Beaux reportedly used over 10% nitromusks, especially Musk Ketone, in Chanel No. 5 (1921), which reports indicate is still used in No. 5 today (see p333). Musk Ambrette s additional floral note was used to advantage... 

The GC-MS analysis of four nitro musks, musk ambrette, musk xylol, musk tibetene and musk ketone was studied [16], Full El mass spectra of the four compounds were given. In an actual case, a powder that gave false positive results with an explosive testing kit was identified as musk ambrette [17]. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, using both El and Cl, was one of several methods used for the identification. 

The determination of musks arouses special interest since, as mentioned previously, several side-effects have been described. Consequently, Wisneski et al. (1982) proposed a GC-MS method to determine the synthetic musk called acetyl ethyl tetramethyl tetralin musk ambrette, musk ketone, moskene, musk tibetene and musk xylene were determined by TLC and by LC-UV/VIS in fine fragrances (Braze et al., 1985) and later by GC in different cosmetics (Sommer, 1993). A method for only qualitative determination was proposed by Goh and Kwok (1986) based on TLC or GC-FID or also GC-MS for identification of mnsk ambrette, musk ketone and musk xylene in cologne and two years later, Porcn and Spanneda (1988) and more recently Wisneski (2001b) also determined the same mnsks by GC but by means of an electron-capture detector (ECD) finally, Sommer and Jnhl (2004) proposed a GC-MS method to determine different macrocyclic mnsks in cosmetics. 

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