Mucous accumulation

Colorless oily liquid with an acrid odor. This material is hazardous through inhalation, skin absorption, penetration through broken skin, and ingestion, and produces local skin/eye impacts. It causes severe irritation and burns to the eyes, mucous membranes, and skin cough, chest pain, and accumulation of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema). 

Silver occurs naturally in several oxidation states, the most common being elemental silver (Ag°) and the monovalent ion (Ag+). Soluble silver salts are, in general, more toxic than insoluble salts. In natural waters, the soluble monovalent species is the form of environmental concern. Sorption is the dominant process that controls silver partitioning in water and its movements in soils and sediments. As discussed later, silver enters the animal body through inhalation, ingestion, mucous membranes, and broken skin. The interspecies differences in the ability of animals to accumulate, retain, and eliminate silver are large. Almost all of the total silver intake is usually... 

The next largest pool is the liver [26], where the highest concentration is found in the periportal areas. Other organs in which mercury is likely to accumulate are the mucous membranes, the epithelium of the skin, the spleen, the interstitial cells of the testicles, and some parts of the brain. 

More serious respiratory effects were seen upon histological examination of the respiratory tract at the end of this study. Gross lung changes observed in the rabbits included collapsed dark red areas, hyperemia, and the accumulation of mucous material. The trachea and the major bronchi showed areas of epithelial desquamation, relative atrophy, flattening of the mucosa, and foci of goblet cell metaplasia. 

Adverse effects resulting from gold-accumulation in tissues can include lesions of the mucous membranes, skin eruptions varying from erythema to severe exfoliative dermatitis, proteinuria and nephrosis. A serious hematologic reaction is aplastic anemia. A rather high incidence of gastrointestinal disturbances is seen in patients on auranofin. 

Emmenagogue. A substance that promotes or assists the flow of menstrual fluid. Emollient. An agent that smoothes and protects the skin when applied locally. Emphysema. A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs applied especially to such a condition of the lungs. Endometrium. The inner mucous membrane of the uterus, the thickness and structure of which vary with the phase of the menstrual cycle. 

Consequently, substantial concentrations of ozone can accumulate around electrical equipment and photocopying machines. Rooms containing these must be well ventilated, since ozone is toxic and can cause headaches and irritation of the mucous membranes, even in low concentrations. It has been suggested that ozone may be the cause of the excess death rate from leukemia (blood cancer) in electrical workers. Ozone is also extremely damaging to plant life, much more so than acid rain (Sections 8.4 and 8.5). It also attacks rubber and may cause rubber insulation on electrical equipment to perish rapidly. 

Lobelia inflata has for many years been one of the most widely discussed and hotly debated articles used in medicine. While many herbalists contend that it is the most valuable of all botanic remedies, official medicine in England classifies it as a poison. Herbalists who use Lobelia insist that it is most certainly not a poison, and that it can be administered by them in large doses with perfect safety. They use it chiefly as an emetic, and, as its administration brings about the prompt removal of accumulations of mucus, the action in bronchial complaints is speedy and beneficial. Coffin s comments in this connection are enthusiastic "Lobelia is decidedly the most certain and efficient emetic known, and is at the same time safe in its operations. Unlike most emetics from the mineral kingdom, it produces its specific effect without corroding the stomach or producing morbid irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane of this organ, which are so common in the use of antimony, zinc, and the sulphate of copper. Lobelia may emphatically be said to operate in unison with the laws of life. "... 

Non-ionic diffusion can also produce unwanted effects, as in the case of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid figure 2.8b). In the acidic milieu of the stomach, this molecule will be protonated and thus uncharged, which promotes its diffusion into the cells of the stomach mucous membrane. Inside the cell, the pH is very close to neutral, which will lead to deprotonation of aspirin. Diffusion of the deprotonated (charged) form out of the cell will be much slower than entry, so that aspirin will accumulate inside the cells to con-... 

Chlorine gas is very irritating, or in concentrated amounts, even corrosive. Eyes, skin, nose, throat, and mucous membranes can all be affected. When inhaled or ingested, chlorine combines with tissue water and forms hydrochloric acid, and reactive oxygen species. Oxidation of respiratory epithelium leads to alveolar capillary congestion and accumulation of edematous fluid (Noe, 1963). Death is due to cardiac arrest from hypoxemia secondary to atelectasis, emphysema, and membrane formation (Decker, 1988). 

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