Mouse lymphoma tk+/- assay

An in-vitro test with mammalian cells (chromosomal damage or mouse lymphoma tk assay)... 

Cameron, T.P., Rogers-Back, A.M., Lawlor, T.E., Harbell, J.W., Seifried, H.E. Dunkel, V.C. (1991) Genotoxicity of multifunctional acrylates in the /zwo e//a/nianimahan-niicrosome assay and mouse lymphoma TK+ - assay. Environ, mol. Mutag., 17,264-271... 

An in vitro cytogenetic test in mammahan cehs or in vitro mouse lymphoma tk + assay. 

In vitro cytogenetic assay using mouse lymphomas tk cells Chromosome Mammalian In vitro... 

Clive, D. (1987). Historical overview of the mouse lymphoma TK+/, mutagenicity assay. In Mammalian Cell Mutagenesis, (Moore, M.M., Demarini, D.M., De Serres, F.J. and Tindall, K.R., Eds.). Banbury Report 28. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY, pp. 25-36. 

Hozier, J., Sawyer, J., Moore, M., Howard, B., and Clive, D., Cytogenetic analysis of the L5178Y/TK TK mouse lymphoma mutagenesis assay system, Mutat. Res., 84,169,1981. 

In vitro assays are increasingly being used. Some of the reasons are cost, availability of more rapid results, and avoidance of negative publicity. Assays such as cytochrome P-450 enzymes, the Ames test, and the mouse lymphoma tk test are in vitro methods. For absorption studies, Caco-2 (Exhibit 5.9) and Madin-Darby canine kidney cell assays are now routinely used. Hepatocyte cell lines with metabolism capacity are being developed to test drug metabolism and toxicity. All these examples show that, where possible, pharmaceutical firms are gradually dispensing with animal studies. 

Clive D, Johnson KO, Spector JFS, et al. 1979. Validation and characterization of the L5178Y/TK+/-mouse lymphoma mutagen assay system. Mutat Res 59 61-108. 

The genotoxicity of fuel oil no. 2, kerosene, and diesel fuel was also evaluated with the mouse lymphoma TK" " forward mutation assay (Conaway et al. 1984). The data reported was insufficient to permit a full evaluation of the results however, the authors considered diesel fuel and kerosene to be negative and fuel oil no. 2 to be positive. 

Myhr, B.C., Bowers, L.R. Caspaiy, W.J. (1986) Results from the testing of coded chemicals in the L5178Y TK+ mouse lymphoma mutagenesis assay. Environ, mol. Mutagen., 7 (Suppl. 3), 58... 

The mouse lymphoma (MOLY) assay is an in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test that can be used to detect gene mutations induced by chemical substances. The cell line used is the L5178Y MOLY cell. In these cell lines the most commonly used genetic end points measure mutation at the thymidine kinase (TK) locus on the mouse chromosome 11b. 

API. 1987. The L5178Y Tk +/- mouse lymphoma mutagenesis assay with API 220 °-208°F distillate fraction of unleaded gasoline. Contract PS-61. Washington, DC American Petroleum Institute. Document no. FYI-AX-1187- 0536. 

L5178Y/TK+/1- mouse lymphoma mutagen assay system. Mutat Res 59 61-108. 

CR is stated not to be genotoxic in a Salmonella bacterial mutagenicity test, a CHO forward gene mutation test (HGPRT locus), mouse lymphoma cell assay (L5178Y/tk+/tk ), and a micronucleus test (Colgrave et al, 1983). 

TK mouse lymphoma mutagenesis assay system. Hutat. Res. 

McGregor DB, Brown A, Cattanach P, et al. 1988. Responses of the L5178Y tk+/tk- mouse lymphoma cell forward mutation assay III. 72 coded chemicals. Environ Mol Mutagen 12 85-154. 

Matheson et al. (1978) reported the results of a battery of in vivo and in vitro assays to assess the genotoxicity of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine. Included were the Ames Salmonella microsome assay, a microbial suspension assay, mutation induction at the TK locus in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, stimulation of UDS in WI-38 cells, and a dominant lethal assay in mice. 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine was active in all of the tests except the dominant lethal assay. 

The L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) for mutants at the TK locus. 

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