Month database

After often a lengthy period (several months) of acquisition and processing, the data may be loaded onto a seismic workstation for interpretation. These workstations are UNIX based, dual screen systems (sections on one side, maps on the other, typically) where all the trace data is stored on fast access disk, and where the picked horizons and faults can be digitised from the screen Into a database. Of vital Importance is access to all existing well data in the area for establishing the well - seismic tie. 2D data will be interpreted line by intersecting line, and 3D as a volume. 

JAPIO. This database is produced by the Japan Patent Information Organization and is based on the Patent Abstracts of Japan provided by the Japanese Patent Office. The database is updated monthly and contains all Kokai Tokyo Kobo (pubUshed unexamined patent appHcations) pubUshed as of October 1976. Records appear ia JAPIO approximately six months after pubhcation of the unexamined patent appHcation. English language abstracts are provided for the majority of appHcations filed by Japanese appHcants. AppHcations by non-Japanese appHcations do not have abstracts, but bibliographic information is iacluded. Searchable fields iaclude the International Patent Office Classification and JAPIO classification (96). 

The initial database development required to successfully implement a predictive maintenance program will require man-months of effort. The extensive labor required to properly establish a predictive database often results in either a poor or incomplete database. In some cases, the program is discontinued because of staff limitations. If the extensive labor required establishing a database is not available in-house, there are consultants available that will provide the knowledge and labor required to accomplish this task. 

Yazdanpanah et al. (2002) calculated the resource use and cost for different stages of HIV infection in France based on a clinical database of HIV-infected patients between 1994 and 1998. The total costs attributable to bed-day and day-care inpatient care included the mean cost of each inpatient day times the length of stay, as well as total number of laboratory tests, dosage and quantity of medications, and total number of procedures. The total cost attributable to outpatient care included the mean physician and nurse fees per visit, as well as total number of laboratory tests and total number of procedures. In the absence of an AIDS-deflning event, the average total cost of care ranged from US 797 per person-month in the highest CD4 stratum to US 1,261 per person-month in the lowest CD4 stratum. 

This event is one of the most visible in a study, representing the culmination of efforts spanning months or years and often representing the future of a product or even a company. Locking the database requires that every query and all outstanding discrepancies regarding data be resolved. 

Temporal Relationships of Adverse Events. The temporal relationship between duration of product exposure and development of an adverse event is important in assessing causality. But how can data on temporal relationships be systematically summarized in a database containing thousands or even hundreds of thousands of subjects Temporal relationships cannot be clearly elicited if only frequencies of adverse events between treatment and control groups are compared. There can be many disparities in the subjects time of exposure or time at risk. Toxic manifestations of drugs may not occur until several months or even years after the initial exposure to the drug. How do we systematically assess delayed toxicity of a previously prescribed drug from the effect of a newly prescribed drug Such a scenario occurred with reported cases of pancreatitis associated with valproic acid therapy, in which some cases appeared several years after therapy [2]. 

CSline. CSline [84] provides information on well-designed and well-executed clinical trials of drugs currently under study or in use in humans. This information includes study objectives, design, population, intervention groups, withdrawals, adverse reactions, endpoints and results, conclusions, and references. The CSline database covers more than 500 drugs currently on the market or in development. Pharmacological data from more than 2000 journal articles, congresses, and books are added each year. The product is commercially available on CD-ROM from Prous Science and is updated every 2 months. 

Iowa Drug Information Service. A bibliographical database with access to full text, IDIS [98] provides access to the therapeutic and clinical pharmaceutic English language journal literature from 17 countries. FDA Summary Basis of Approval documents are indexed and available in full text. Updated monthly, the database contains over 450,000 records from 1966 forward with bibliographic citation, keyword indexes, and, for over 60% of citations, the author s abstract. IDIS is commercially available in microfiche, compact disc, and web formats and via DataStar, DIALOG. 

Of the projects in the database, four completed projects using pump-and-treat provided performance data for initial and final MTBE concentrations. Median concentrations were 27,000 pg/L for before treatment and <1 pg/L for after treatment. The median project duration for these projects was 14 months. Note that these treatment performance figures are based on the data provided by project managers and others in the source materials used to prepare the treatment profiles website. 

Bradbury et al. (2004), however, recently reanalyzed the relation between tamoxifen and cataracts and described it as a null association, They used a nested, matched, case-control study design and data collected in the General Practice Research Database. They identified all women 30-79 years old who were diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with tamoxifen within 6 months, or with bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, or nonmelanoma skin cancer between January 1991 and December i999. From this population they identified all newly diagnosed cases of cataract and matched four female controls to each case on age, index date, and study entry data. They assessed the risk of cataracts for current, past, and sometime users of tamoxifen... 

Structural data are readily available from the database, but it must be assumed that they were not originally collected with the requirements of the particular correlation in mind. It is essential that the substructure investigated be tightly defined, and that this is confirmed by careful checks of structures in the data set retrieved. (This requirement is squarely at odds with that for statistical respectability, for which the largest possible data set is generally desirable.) A last resort, if the question is important enough, is to collect new data. The structures examined can then be designed to answer specific questions. The answers to the questions will not, however, be available for months or even years. 

Short-term use of glucocorticoids, even in massive dosages, is less likely to produce harmful reactions. They can, however, produce a variety of effects that are neither limited to high doses nor to long-term therapy. When a low dose of steroids (prednisone) was given for several months to a 38-year-old man to treat eczema of his hands and feet, he developed bilateral avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femur. He therefore had total bilateral hip replacement, and several experts have attributed his AVN to the steroid administration. The man sued his allergist, who settled the lawsuit shortly before trial for approximately 400,000. Most practitioners, however, are unaware of the risk of short-term or low-dose steroids. Yet many of these cases can be found in the courts, the literature, and the MedWatch databases. 

A full report is required for the LGC s primary customer, the Department of Health this is also made available to the cigarette manufacturers. At monthly intervals the database is manipulated, and results are exchanged between the original and re-test areas... 

In the case of retrospective studies, the data items that have been entered into the database are, essentially, the data that are available. If data items are missing, then for all practical purposes they are not available for the study. It is possible to go back to the physician in the hope that other records or memory may be of help, but after months or years this could be a costly and unprofitable procedure. 

Myocarditis Analyses of postmarketing safety databases suggest clozapine is associated with an increased risk of fatal myocarditis, especially during, but not limited to, the first month of therapy. In patients in whom myocarditis is suspected, discontinue clozapine treatment promptly. 

The database contains information taken from approx 4000 research papers related to in vivo and in vitro drug interaction in humans. The database is searchable using a number of queries and is updated on a monthly basis (284). 

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