Module Mounting

The BPIX modules were built [ 10] and extensively tested at PSI [9, 11,12]. The goal of the module tests at PSI was to verify that all pixels function correctly, each ROC can be programmed properly, and all calibrations of a module produce meaningful results. All modules were graded and only the best quality modules were used in the final system. In total, 948 modules have been manufactured and tested. The carbon BPIX detector mechanics was fabricated at the University of Ziirich. 

In order to protect the sensitive structures of the modules from mechanical stress and touches, the body of the module was stored in a box during all manipulations 

When the BPIX detector was fully assembled a clearance test between the two half shells was performed. The test showed that the cables of the closely approaching half modules had to be slightly rearranged in order to provide enough clearance for 

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Fig. 8.9 Illustration of module mounting procedure 1. Working place for the detector assembly. 2. Placing the module on the shell. 3. Screwing the module to the shell. 4. Placing cables at the...

A programmable logic controller is a modern control system that combines microprocessor features with software-configurable controllers. The basic components of this system include processor CPU module, mounting rack, power supply, user-defined plug-in input/output modules, and communication interface module. 

The equipment of the primary coolant system is installed inside a strong reactor mono-block vessel. In the central part, a removable unit (a barrel with the core and control rods and a shielding plug) is installed surrounded by the in-vessel radiation shielding with the steam generator (SG) and main circulation pump (MCP) modules mounted upon it (see Fig. XIX-15). 

All equipment components of the primary circuit are installed inside a strong vessel of the reactor mono-block. In its central part, the vessel hosts a removable unit that includes a basket with the core, control rods, and a shielding plug and is surrounded by the in-vessel radiation shielding with the SG and MCP modules mounted on it (see Fig. 3). 

The manifold is typically a tubular steel structure (similar to a template) which is host to a series of remotely operated valves and chokes. It is common for subsea tree control systems to be mounted on the manifold and not on the individual trees. A complex manifold will generally have its own set of dedicated subsea control modules (for controlling manifold valves and monitoring flowline sensors). 

Most NC-AFMs use a frequency modulation (FM) teclmique where the cantilever is mounted on a piezo and serves as the resonant element in an oscillator circuit [101. 102]. The frequency of the oscillator output is instantaneously modulated by variations in the force gradient acting between the cantilever tip and the sample. This teclmique typically employs oscillation amplitudes in excess of 20 mn peak to peak. Associated with this teclmique, two different imaging methods are currently in use namely, fixed excitation and fixed amplitude. 

Industrial appHcations often require that bulk materials or Hquids be weighed in hoppers, silos, tanks, or reactor vessels, referred to collectively as vessels. Because they come in such a wide variety of si2es, shapes, and capacities, scales using these vessels as load receivers are not typically available as standard products. Vessels are usually custom-fabricated to suit a particular appHcation, then mounted on a scale. Some can be mounted on a standard scale such as a bench, portable, or floor scale. More typically, a number of weigh modules are used to support the vessel. This offers the scale designer great flexibiHty but certain precautions are necessary in order to constmct an accurate scale. Some of the more important factors associated with the design of vessel scales are discussed herein. 

A substrate is a robust element that provides mechanical support for the die. It can be mounted with more than one die such packages are called multichip modules. Because parasitic capacitance effects are directiy proportional to the dielectric constant, substrate material should have a low dielectric constant. 

Single-crystal sUicon has also been employed as substrate material, particularly in multichip module (MGM)-Si appUcations. As a substrate, sUicon offers good thermal conductivity and matches the GTE of the devices mounted on it it does, however, have a relatively high dielectric constant and is very britde. 

As illustrated in Figure 4, the model is created on a platform submerged in a bath that is mounted on a turntable and contains a suitable monomer including a photoinitiator responsive to a laser line. The laser is modulated by the design computer and scaimed radially while the turntable rotates to write... 

In this construction the control terminals are of the sliding type (Figures 13.13(b) and (c)). The moving contacts are mounted on the trolley while the fixed matching contacts are mounted on the panel frame. These contacts engage or disengage automatically when the trolley is racked-in or racked-out of the module respectively. This type of... 

But they are also rated for the same fault level for which the system is designed as they are connected directly to the system. This is a safety requirement. Similarly, in a draw-out sw itchgear assembly, the 1,/C and O/G power contacts of a module and its mounts (insulators and supports) being already protected may be. suitable only for the thermal rating of their feeders. 

In temperature modulation, the sample may be mounted on a small heater attached to a heat sink and the temperature varied cyclically by passing current pulses through the heater. If the sample is properly conducting, the current can be passed through the sample directly. Generally, for this method must be kept below 10—20 Hz, and hence there are often problems with the 1//"noise of the detector. 

In piezoreflectance (PzR), modulation is achieved by mounting the sample on a piezoelectric transducer that varies the lattice constant of the material, producing a band gap modulation. Although PzR is contacdess it requires special mounting of the sample, as does thermomodulation. 

In a toroidal traction drive, toroidal input and output disks face one another, separated by a number of rollers that contact the toroid surfaces. The rollers are mounted so that they can he tilted to vaiy the radius from the centerline of the disks where they contact the toroids, and therefore determine the input/output speed ratio of the rotating disks. A substantial axial force must be applied to the disks to prevent the rollers from slipping on the disk surfaces. To avoid excessive losses when the torque transmitted is low, this force needs to he modulated in proportion to the torque transmitted. 

While the air distribution must match the heat distribution, the position of extracts is not important. Direct return to air-handling units mounted around the room in numbers necessary for reliability is common practice. In the event of loss of one or more cooling modules a well-designed ventilated ceiling adds to reliability by distributing the reduced amount of air in the same proportions throughout the room. 

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