Submerged platform

Fig. 4 Neuroligin 3 R451C K1 mice exhibit enhanced spatial learning. (A) Morris water maze analysis of spatial learning in R451C KI and littermate wild-type control mice during the initial 7 days of training as measured by the distance traveled to reach a submerged platform. (B) Number of days of initial training required to reach the submerged platform in an average of 10 s or less.

Record time (in seconds) it takes the rat to find the submerged platform. Guide rat to platform on first few trials if it requires > 120 sec. 

A team in Seattle has researched the effect of microwaves on levels of stress in rats. They have found evidence that exposure to microwaves in rats causes the production of corticotrophin releasing factor, a stress hormone that disrupts neurotransmitters in the brain neurotransmitters are involved in memory and alertness. The rats showed an increased tendency to binge on alcohol and took longer to learn the location of a submerged platform in cloudy water. 

As illustrated in Figure 4, the model is created on a platform submerged in a bath that is mounted on a turntable and contains a suitable monomer including a photoinitiator responsive to a laser line. The laser is modulated by the design computer and scaimed radially while the turntable rotates to write... 

Floating exploration and production facilities are sometimes provided on jackup rigs, semi-submersible vessels or ex-crude oil shipping tankers converted to production treatment vessels. These facilities are essentially the same as fixed offshore platform or installations except they are moored in place or provided with a temporary support structure instead of provided with fixed supports to the seabed. The major process fire and explosion risks are identical to the risks produced on offshore platforms. They have one addition major facility risk, that is the maintenance of buoyancy of the installation. Should fire or explosion effects cause a loss of buoyancy (or even stability) the entire facility is at risk of submergence. Adequate compartimization and integrity assurances must be implemented in these instances. 

When a platform is not a practical way to develop an offshore field, the operator may complete the well using a submerged production system, in which case, the Christmas tree and other wellhead equipment are installed on the sea bottom and pipelines are connected to carry off the petroleum, either to shore, to a nearby platform, or to a vessel or storage buoy moored in the area. Divers can be used to make the necessary connections. 

Jute fibers are separated from the woody part of the stem by a process called retting. The process involves laying bundles of stems flat in water, side by side, to form a platform. The platform is then covered first with weeds and then with heavy logs to keep the bundles submerged in the water. The period of retting varies with the water t5T e and temperature. The fiber strands are then removed, manually, from the stems. They are cleaned by spreading on the water surface, squeezed to remove the excess water and hung on frames to dry in the sun for 2-3 days. The dried jute fibers are then tied in bundles and packed for shipment. 

Arndt, N. 1999. Why was flood volcanism on submerged continental platforms so common in the Precambrian Precambrian Research, 97, 155-164. 

Morris water maze. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) NaCN has been observed to disrupt normal spatial navigation in rats using the Morris water maze (MWM) swim task. In this task, rats were placed in a round water tank and trained to use spatial cues to locate an escape platform submerged just below the waterline. 

There are significant ocean currents in many offshore locations. For some locations the submerged floats will be designed like boat hulls to reduce the drag produced by the current. Such designs will reduce the loads placed on the tether cables holding the platform in the proper location. 

With respect to rodents such as rats and mice, training in the open-field water maze, in which animals search for a submerged and non-visible platform, is probably the most popular learning paradigm tackling spatial and thus hippocampus-... 

In wet impingers, the aerosols impinge on a surface submerged in a liquid (Figure 26.5). A glass tube with an orifice at the end is directed toward a flat surface, which can be the bottom of the collection vessel or a glass platform connected to the tube. The particles are retained by the liquid in the collection tube. The liquid should not be a solvent fdr the particles to be collected. These impingers can collect particles as small as 0.1 /Am. 

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