Methanol naming

It is further important to note that all the current/voltage characteristics depicted in Fig. 6 are unchanged by the presence of liquid fuels such as methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, or hydrazine. The phthalocyanine electrode remains completely inert toward such substances. For this reason, no mixed potential can be formed at a phthalocyanine electrode, as for example can occur at a platinum electrode, when it is used as cathode in a methanol cell containing sulfuric acid. This is shown by a comparison (see Fig. 7) of the stationary characteristics of the platinum alloy we found to be the most active in the presence of methanol, namely a Raney ruthenium—rhodium electrode, with an iron phthalocyanine electrode, both measured in 4.5 N H2SO4+2M CH3OH. 

The attractive characteristics of DMC hydrogenation to methanol, namely solvent free, waste-free, atom-economical, mild pressure and temperature, high turnover numbers (TON), and high selectivity, represent an ultimate green process and make this catalytic transformation an attractive technology for methanol synthesis [80-82]. Some representative examples catalysed by complex 6 are presented in Fig. 11 (vide supra). 

Triton B Trade name for benzyltrimethyl-ammonium hydroxide usually as a 40% solution in methanol. A strong base, soluble in many solvents used as a catalyst. See phase transfer chemistry. 

Ninhydrin (also named 1 2 3-triketoindane or 1 2 3-triketohydrindene hydrate) is prepared most simply from the inexpensive phthahc anhydride (I). The latter is condensed with acetic anhydride In the presence of potassium acetate to give phthalylacetlc acid (II) reaction of the latter with sodium methoxide in methanol yields 1 3-indanedionecarboxyhc acid, which is decomposed upon warming with dilute hydrochloric or sulphuric acid to indane-1 3-dione (or 1 3-diketohydrindene) (HI). Selenium dioxide oxidation of (III) afibrds indane-1 2 3-trione hydrate (ninhydrin) (IV). 

Until the 1920s the major source of methanol was as a byproduct m the production of charcoal from wood—hence the name wood alcohol Now most of the more than 10 billion lb of methanol used annually m the United States is synthetic prepared by reduc tion of carbon monoxide with hydrogen... 

Wood alcohol (Section 4 3) A common name for methanol CH3OH... 

Formaldehyde. Pure formaldehyde, CH2O, is a colorless, pungent smelling reactive gas (see Formaldehyde). The commercial product is handled either as soHd polymer, paraformaldehyde (13), or in aqueous or alcohoHc solutions. Marketed under the trade name Formcel, solutions in methanol, / -butanol, and isobutyl alcohol, made by Hoechst-Celanese, are widely used for making alcohol-modified urea and melamine resins for surface coatings and treating textiles. 

Schematic DRD shown in Fig. 13-59 are particularly useful in determining the imphcations of possibly unknown ternary saddle azeotropes by postulating position 7 at interior positions in the temperature profile. It should also be noted that some combinations of binary azeotropes require the existence of a ternaiy saddle azeotrope. As an example, consider the system acetone (56.4°C), chloroform (61.2°C), and methanol (64.7°C). Methanol forms minimum-boiling azeotropes with both acetone (54.6°C) and chloroform (53.5°C), and acetone-chloroform forms a maximum-boiling azeotrope (64.5°C). Experimentally there are no data for maximum or minimum-boiling ternaiy azeotropes. The temperature profile for this system is 461325, which from Table 13-16 is consistent with DRD 040 and DRD 042. However, Table 13-16 also indicates that the pure component and binary azeotrope data are consistent with three temperature profiles involving a ternaiy saddle azeotrope, namely 4671325, 4617325, and 4613725. All three of these temperature profiles correspond to DRD 107. Experimental residue cui ve trajectories for the acetone-...

Nature produces a tremendous amount of methyl aleohol, simply by the fermentation of wood, grass, and other materials made to some degree of eellulose. In faet, methyl aleohol is known as wood aleohol, along with names sueh as wood spirits and methanol (its proper name the proper names of all aleohols end in -ol). Methyl aleohol is a eolorless liquid with a eharaeteristie aleohol odor. It has a flash point of 54°F, and is highly toxie. It has too many eommereial uses to list here, but among them are as a denaturant for ethyl alcohol (the addition of the toxie ehemieal methyl aleohol to ethyl aleohol in order to form denatured aleohol), antifreezes, gasoline additives, and solvents. No further substitution of hydroxyl radieals is performed on methyl aleohol. 

In this definition ko is the rate constant for CH3COOR and k is the constant for RCOOR thus = 0 for R = CH3. Table 7-11 lists some values. Taft s Es steric constants are in some instances based on averages of several different reactions, so MacPhee et al. have defined a steric constant Es by Eq. (7-52) for a single reaction, namely, the acid-catalyzed esterification of carboxylic acids in methanol at 40°C. Es values are also given in Table 7-11. Additional Es and Es values are available. 

Chemical Name 2,3,3a,9a.Tetrahydro.3.hydroxy.6.imino.6H.furo[2, 3 4,5]oxazolo[3,2.a]. pyrimidine.2.methanol... 

Chemical Name 4-Amino-3,5-dlchloro-[ [(1,1 -dimethylethyDamino] methyl] benzene-methanol... 

Chemical Name 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethylergoline-8(3-methanol 5-bromonicotinate (ester) Common Name Nicotergoline 1-methyllumilysergol-8-(5-bromonicotinate) 10-methyl ether Structural Formula ... 

Chemical Name a -(aminomethyl)-4-hvdroxybenzene-methanol hydrochloride Common Name Norsympatol hydrochloride norsynephrine hydrochloride Structural Formula hochcHjKHj... 

Chemical Name 3,3 -(Dithiodimethylene)bis[5-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-pyridine methanol) Common Name Pyrithioxin... 

Chemical Name 5-Hydroxy-a,Q, 4-trimethyl-3Common Name Pinol hydrate... 

Chemical Name 0i-[4-(Diethylamino)cyclohexyl] -Q -2-thienyl-2-thiophene-methanol Common Name —... 

Chemical Name a-[ [Bisd -methylpropyOamino] methyl] -1 -[ (2-chlorophenyl)methyl] -1 H-pyrrole-2-methanol... 

Isopropanol (2-propanol) is an important alcohol of great synthetic utility. It is the second-largest volume alcohol after methanol (1998 U.S. production was approximately 1.5 billion pounds) and it was the 49th ranked chemical. Isopropanol under the name isopropyl alcohol was the first industrial chemical synthesized from a petroleum-derived olefin (1920). 

Autoprotolysis of the Solvent. While studying these proton transfers, there is another type that may be discussed at the same time, namely, the self-dissociation of the solvent itself. As is well known, highly purified solvents show at least a small electrical conductivity. In methanol, for example, it is generally recognized that this conductivity arises from the fact that, a certain number of protons havo been transferred according to the process... 

The treatment of kasuganobiosamine with dimethyl ester of oxalic acid followed by concentrated aqueous ammonia gave two kinds of amides. The amide (11a) with pK a 7.6 was identical with the amide of kasugamycinic acid, which was prepared from kasugamycinic acid by treatment with anhydrous hydrogen chloride-methanol followed by concentrated aqueous ammonia. The other isomer (lib) with pK a 7.8, was named amide of isokasugamycinic acid. 

Wood alcohol (Chapter 17 introduction) An old name for methanol. 

Write equations for the reaction of (a) ethanol and formic acid (b) propanol and propionic acid (c) methanol and formic acid. Name the esters produced. 

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