Methanal phosgene

Polyurethane leather substitute and nylon-6 meltvinyl fabrics were treated with elastomeric polycarbonates, such as polytetramethylene glycol-bisphenol A-phosgene polymer, poly(ethylene adipate)-4,4 -dihydroxydiphenyl-methane-phosgene polymer, or ethylene bis(p-hydroxybenzoate)-polytetra-methylene glycol-phosgene polymer to give products with improved abrasion resistance and flexural strength [253]. 

CH2 CCl2- Colourless liquid, b.p. 32°C, manufactured by the dehydrochlorination of trichloroethane. In the presence of light and air, it decomposes with the evolution of HCI, phosgene, and methanal and deposition of some polyvinylidene chloride. Consequently it must be stored away from light and in the presence of dissolved inhibitors (such as phenols and amines). Under the influence of... 

The carbonyl chloride reactant was prepared by reacting 2-imidazolidone with methane sulfonyl chloride then that product with phosgene. The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes at 0°C and subsequently further stirred at room temperature until no further addition of triethylamine was necessary to maintain a pH value of 7 to B. 150 parts by volume of water were added and the tetrahydrofuran was largely removed in a rotary evaporator at room temperature. 

Bromodichloronitrosomethane. BrCCl2NO, mw 192.84, N 7.26% it is a dark blue liq of unpleasant odor, fr p -80° bp 21° at 24mm. It is prepd by the action of Br and Na acetate on phosgene oxime (C CiNOH). It decomps on attempted distn at atm press. It is reduced to phosgene oxime with hydrogen sulfide in Me ale, and warming with Br produces dichlorodibromo-methane... 

The formation of the acid dye bmzaurin takes place in a quite analogous manner. p-Tetramethyldiaminobenzophenone (Michler s ketone), which is prepared technically from dimethylaniline and phosgene, can, like benzaldehyde, be condensed with dimethylaniline in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride. In this case, however, it is not a methane derivative, a leuco-compound, which is obtained, but, as the equation shows, the carbinol stage is at once reached. As will soon be shown, however, this stage in acid solution is equivalent to the formation of the dye. 

Photolysis of an aqueous solution containing chloroform (314 pmol) and the catalyst [Pt(cohoid)/Ru(bpy) /MV/EDTA] yielded the following products after 15 h (mol detected) chloride ions (852), methane (265), ethylene (0.05), ethane (0.52), and unreacted chloroform (10.5) (Tan and Wang, 1987). In the troposphere, photolysis of chloroform via OH radicals may yield formyl chloride, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, and phosgene as the principal products (Spence et al., 1976). Phosgene is hydrolyzed readily to hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide (Morrison and Boyd, 1971). 

Thus hydrochloric acid is a derivative of chlorine. About 93% of it is made by various reactions including the cracking of ethylene dichloride and tetrachloroethane, the chlorination of toluene, fluorocarbons, and methane, and the production of linear alkylbenzenes. It is also a by-product of the reaction of phosgene and amines to form isocyanates. 

The first methanes involved the reaction of isocyanate with simple alcohols and amines. They were of sufficient economic value to foster the development of a number of isocyanates, including the aromatics that play dominant roles in modem polyurethanes. An isocyanate is made by reacting an amine with phosgene. 

Carbon Tetrachloride (telrachloromelhane). CAS 56-23-5. Carbon tetrachloride can be synthesized by the chlorination of CS . acetylene and other higher hydrocarbons but the primary source is the exhaustive chlorination of methane. It can be pyrolyzed to yield hexachloroethane. oxidized to phosgene and carbonylated with CO in the presence of AlClj to give trichloroaceiylchloride ... 

Chloroform (trichloromethane). [CAS 67-66-3], Although chloroform can be prepared by various means it is almost exclusively produced by the chlorination of methane. It can be oxidized to phosgene, substituted with various halogens, nitrated to chloropicnn (CljCNOi). hydrolyzed lo formic O... 

Note Polar solvent soluble in alcohols, ether, benzene, and most oils usually stabilized with methanol to prevent phosgene formation flammable and highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption narcotic carcinogenic incompatible with caustics, active metals, aluminum powder, potassium, sodium, magnesium. Synonyms trichloromethane, methane trichloride. 

Process Economics Program Report SRI International. Menlo Park, CA, Isocyanates IE, Propylene Oxide 2E, Vinyl Chloride 5D, Terephthalic Acid and Dimethyl Terephthalate 9E, Phenol 22C, Xylene Separation 25C, BTX, Aromatics 30A, o-Xylene 34 A, m-Xylene 25 A, p-Xylene 93-3-4, Ethylbenzene/Styrene 33C, Phthalic Anhydride 34B, Glycerine and Intermediates 58, Aniline and Derivatives 76C, Bisphenol A and Phosgene 81, C1 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons 126, Chlorinated Solvent 48, Chlorofluorocarbon Alternatives 201, Reforming for BTX 129, Aromatics Processes 182 A, Propylene Oxide Derivatives 198, Acetaldehyde 24 A2, 91-1-3, Acetic Acid 37 B, Acetylene 16A, Adipic Acid 3 B, Ammonia 44 A, Caprolactam 7 C, Carbon Disulfide 171 A, Cumene 92-3-4, 22 B, 219, MDA 1 D, Ethanol 53 A, 85-2-4, Ethylene Dichloride/Vinyl Chloride 5 C, Formaldehyde 23 A, Hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) 31 B, Hydrogen Cyanide 76-3-4, Maleic Anhydride 46 C, Methane (Natural Gas) 191, Synthesis Gas 146, 148, 191 A, Methanol 148, 43 B, 93-2-2, Methyl Methacrylate 11 D, Nylon 6-41 B, Nylon 6,6-54 B, Ethylene/Propylene 29 A, Urea 56 A, Vinyl Acetate 15 A. 

Among the numerous applications of diphenyl carbonate, the preparation and chemistry of dichlorodiphenoxy methane appears somewhat neglected. This phosgene derivative can be prepared in good yield by treatment of diphenyl carbonate with phosphorus pentachloride at high temperature (Ref. 35) according to scheme 37 ... 

Abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the trichloromethane molecule by [OH] radicals results in the formation of a [CClj]- radical, which reacts with dioxygen to form phosgene and [CIO]- [36a,1926a], This process is considered to occur in those regions of the atmosphere where there is iittle ozone available for destruction, so that before ozone is properiy encountered the [CIO]- wiil be reduced to C1-, which will be converted to HCl by abstracting a hydrogen atom from, say, methane. Less is understood about the fate of the... 

An early report of the reaction between alkaline hydrogen peroxide and phosgene suggests that methanal is formed [1123]. In a not particularly enlightening study, the reaction between phosgene and sodium peroxide at -10 C is said to give products of composition NUjOj.NaCI in the presence of an excess of phosgene, the products observed were NaCl, COj and Oj [1341]. These data were used to deduce that [COJ is incapable of... 

The reactions of phosgene with alkanes have been surprisingly little studied. In some early work, phosgene is reported to react with methane on exposure to sunlight to give some ethanoyl chloride [313a,888]. No thermal reaction was observed by Berthelot between... 

Curiously, the reaction of phosgene with the first member of the aldehyde series, methanal, was not properly investigated until the 1980s, the system only then becoming the subject of patent disclosure [1559aa,1762],... 

Conventional processes for the manufacture of dichloromethane are based upon the chlorination of methane or of chloromethane. These reactions have the disadvantage of generating hydrogen chloride as a by-product, and of producing a mixture of all chloromethanes, in addition to dichloromethane. The simple reaction between methanal and phosgene thus... 

Authentic chloromethyl chloroformate has been synthesised by the passage of gaseous methanal (diluted in a stream of dinitrogen) into a solution of phosgene in dichloromethane containing a small quantity of pyridine and held at -5 C [1765], Equation (10.19). 

Desulfurization of petroleum feedstock (FBR), catalytic cracking (MBR or FI BR), hydrodewaxing (FBR), steam reforming of methane or naphtha (FBR), water-gas shift (CO conversion) reaction (FBR-A), ammonia synthesis (FBR-A), methanol from synthesis gas (FBR), oxidation of sulfur dioxide (FBR-A), isomerization of xylenes (FBR-A), catalytic reforming of naphtha (FBR-A), reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline (FBR), butadiene from n-butanes (FBR-A), ethylbenzene by alkylation of benzene (FBR), dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene (FBR), methyl ethyl ketone from sec-butyl alcohol (by dehydrogenation) (FBR), formaldehyde from methanol (FBR), disproportionation of toluene (FBR-A), dehydration of ethanol (FBR-A), dimethylaniline from aniline and methanol (FBR), vinyl chloride from acetone (FBR), vinyl acetate from acetylene and acetic acid (FBR), phosgene from carbon monoxide (FBR), dichloroethane by oxichlorination of ethylene (FBR), oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide (FBR), oxidation of benzene to maleic anhydride (FBR), oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde (FBR), phthalic anhydride from o-xylene (FBR), furane from butadiene (FBR), acrylonitrile by ammoxidation of propylene (FI BR)... 

This book provides standardized methods for measuring the major toxic organic contaminants found in air, inducting volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and ketones, phosgene, non-methane organic compounds, pofynudear aromatics hydrocarbons, and others. 

Chloroform is also prepared by chlorination of methane but also by treatment of ethanol with bleaching powder. Because of its tendency to decompose, chloroform contains phosgene, hydrogen chloride, and chlorine as well as other chlorination products of methane it is usually stabilized by addition of 0.5-1.0% of ethanol. The impurities formed by decomposition are removed by washing with water or dilute potassium hydroxide solution. Further purification, which is usually superfluous, can be effected as for methylene dichloride. The same drying agents as in that case may be used of these, calcium chloride and phosphoric oxide are most efficient in removing also the ethanol. 

The failure of cuscohygrine to condense with benzaldehyde, ethyl oxalate and amyl nitrite is hard to accommodate on formula X. Because of the formation of two isomeric hydrazones, and on the erroneous assumptions that base A was di-(a-iV -methylpyrrolidyl)-methane and that methylene di-isonitramine came from a methyl ketone group, Hess and Fink (22) altered Liebermann s formula X so as to represent cuscohygrine as an unsymmetrical di-(JV-methylpyrrolidyl)-propan-2-one (XIII). It has since been found, however, that base A is not identical with di-(a-IV-methyI-pyrrolidyl)-methane prepared by the action of phosgene on pyrrylmagne-sium bromide followed by reduction and methylation (25). Moreover,... 

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