Metallurgical extraction

The metallurgical extraction of the metals from their ore is the noted chemical reaction of removing the metal from its stable compound form (as normally found in nature) to become an unstable, artificial form (as used by industry to make tools, containers, equipment, etc.). That instability (of those refined metallic compounds) is the desire of... 

MIBK is a valuable industrial solvent used primarily in the paint and coating industry and in metallurgical extraction processes. It is also used as a precursor in the production of specialty chemicals such as pesticides, rubber anti-oxidants as well as antibiotics and pharmaceuticals (1). Historically, MIBK has been produced commercially from acetone and hydrogen feedstock in three stages. First, acetone is dimerized to produce diacetone alcohol (DAA). Second, DAA is dehydrated to produce MO and water. Finally, the carbon-carbon double bond of MO is selectively hydrogenated to produce MIBK. These consecutive reactions are outlined in equations (1-3). 

Some unique applications for MIBK include metallurgical extraction (particularly plutonium from uranium), a reaction solvent in pharmaceuticals, an adhesive, and, if you stretch the definition of applications, the manufacture of methyl isobutyl carbinol. 

R. W. Bartlett. Pore Diffusion—Limited Metallurgical Extraction from Ground Ore Particles, Met. 

A process plant is a classification of factory which transforms materials in bulk. The feedstock and products may be transported by pipeline or conveyor, or in discrete quantities such as truckloads or bags, but they are recognized by their bulk properties. Examples of process plants are oil refineries, sugar mills, metallurgical extraction plants, coal washing plants, and fertilizer factories. The products are commodities rather than articles. 

The characteristics of the chemical plant industry tend to lie between those of hydrocarbon processing and metallurgical extraction, being more similar to hydrocarbon processing plant when the feedstock is fluid and hazardous, and more similar to metallurgical plant when the feedstock is solid and non-hazardous. 

Applications in the mining and metallurgical extraction industries were reported starting in 1960 (37,, ) and in control of lime slurry and alkaline processes in the pulp and paper industry at about the same time (44,56-62). Sulfuric acid and oleum have had special attention (, and a measurement system for oleum... 

In the metallurgical extraction of silver and gold, an alloy of the two metals is often obtained. The alloy can... 

D. W. Ager and E. R. Dement, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Solvent Extraction in Metallurgical Processes, Technologisch Instituut K. VIV, Antwerp, Belgium, 1972, p. 27. 

The scientific basis of extractive metallurgy is inorganic physical chemistry, mainly chemical thermodynamics and kinetics (see Thermodynamic properties). Metallurgical engineering reties on basic chemical engineering science, material and energy balances, and heat and mass transport. Metallurgical systems, however, are often complex. Scale-up from the bench to the commercial plant is more difficult than for other chemical processes. 

Solvent Extraction Reagents. Solvent extraction is a solution purification process that is used extensively in the metallurgical and chemical industries. Both inorganic (34,35) and organic (36) solutes are recovered. The large commercial uses of phosphine derivatives in this area involve the separation of cobalt [7440-48-4] from nickel [7440-02-0] and the recovery of acetic acid [61-19-7] and uranium [7440-61-1]. 

The monograph on zinc is a valuable general reference on zinc technology (3). Furthermore, detailed descriptions of extractive processes, resource data, and environmental- and energy-related papers from symposia of the Metallurgical Society of the AIME are a rich source of information (4—7). 

In the present time our organosilicon adsorbents found the practice application in such as fields such as, for example 1) the method of spectral-chemical determination of gold Clarke quantities in poor ores and rocks has been applied in analytic practice of geological establishments and research institutes 2) at the first time soi ption process was used in hydro-chemical analyze of fresh water. This method has been allowed to analyze of Baikal water 3) for purification metallurgical waters and waste solutions of chemical-metallurgical plants due to toxic elements 4) for creation the filters for extraction of rare elements, for example, uranium 5) for silver utilization from wasted of cinema-photo manufactory. This method has been applied to obtain the silver of high purity. 

There are two basic types of packed-bed reactors those in which the solid is a reactant and those in which the solid is a catalyst. Many e.xaniples of the first type can be found in the extractive metallurgical industries. In the chemical process industries, the designer normally meets the second type, catalytic reactors. Industrial packed-bed catalylic reactors range in size from units with small tubes (a few centimeters in diameter) to large-diameter packed beds. Packed-bed reactors are used for gas and gas-liquid reactions. Heat transfer rates in large-diameter packed beds are poor and where high heat transfer rates are required, Jluidized beds should be considered. ... 

The work on the Plutonium Project in early 1942 was centralized in the Metallurgical Laboratory of the University of Chicago. The following extract from my journal describes my arrival in Chicago with my colleague Isadore Perlman ... 

Uses Chlorine is used for water purification and in decreasing amounts for pulp and paper bleaching. Some is used for metallurgical purposes such as metal extraction. Its largest use is for the production of organic compounds used in plastics, pesticides, herbicides, refrigeration fluids, solvents, and others. 

F. Habashi, Pollution Problems in the Mineral and Metallurgical Industries, Metallurgie Extractive Quebec, Canada, 1996. 

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