Metallized fibers fabrication

Hybrid polymer-metal fibers fabricated by fiber-drawing techniques... 

Sintered metal fibers with filaments of uniform size (2-40 (tm), made of SS, Inconel, or Fecralloy , are fabricated in the form of panels. Gauzes based on thicker wires (100-250 tm) are made from SS, nickel, or copper. They have a low surface area of about 10 m g. Several procedures are used to increase the surface area, for example, leaching procedures, analogous to the production of Ra-Nickel, and electrophoretic deposition of particles or colloid suspensions. The porosity of structures formed from metal fibers range from 70 to 90%. The heat transfer coefficients are high, up to 2 times larger than for random packed beds [67]. 

Metal Threads. Metal threads, not really metal fibers but metal filaments, are human-made. In antiquity, metal threads were made for ornamental or decorative purposes from precious, ductile metals or alloys, particularly silver and gold and their alloys. Such threads were either applied with adhesives to finished fabrics or wound around ordinary textile yam cores the metal-covered yarn was then either woven into textile fabrics or embroidered on the textile fabric (Jaro and Toth 1991 Lee-Whitmann and Skelton 1984). 

Fibers, fabric, or metal insertions in plastics, rubber, flooring, etc., for the purpose of imparting impact strength and tear resistance. 

Modification of cotton textiles by chemical plating of their surfaces with cobalt (II) or nickel (II) salts produced metallized fibers and fabrics with high electrical conductivity and the capability to transport and dissipate thermal energy (109). The heat capacity of cellulose acetate fibers was increased by treatment with epoxy compounds (110). 

Metallic salt and paraffin wax emulsion with antimicrobial additives. Special water-repellent agent for glass fiber fabrics. Used in combination with SARPIFAN BKF in the stiffening process of glass fiber fabrics. 

Filtration The process of removing particles or large molecules from a fluid phase by passing the fluid through some medium that will not permit passage of the particles or large molecules. The filtration medium may comprise woven fabric or metal fibers, porous media, or other ma-... 

Figure 4.5 SEM micrograph of the electrospun fibers from a 2 wt% PAn.HCSAr and 2 wt% PEO solution dissolved In chloroform at 25 kV. (Reprinted with permission from Synthetic Metals, Electrostatic fabrication ofultrafine conducting fibers polyanlline/polyethylene oxide blends by I. D. Norris, M. M. Shaker, F. K. Ko and A. G. McDiarmid, 114, 109-114. Copyright (2000) Elsevier Ltd)...

Further methods have been developed for Al-SiC and Ti-SiC MMCs which make use of diffusion bonding/solid-state processing of stacks of plasma sprayed foils or stacks of alternating metal foils and fiber fabrics (foil-fiber-foil). 

HITCO, working in conjunction with the Eaton Corporation, has supplied carbon fiber fabric densified with CVD carbon, which is then bonded to a metal backing plate for use as... 

The fifth block is devoted to metallic fibers and thin wires, relevant in the tyre industry, in electrical and electronic applications as well as in civil engineering. H.U. Kiinzi deals with the influence of fabrication processes and microstructure on the strength and fracture of metallic filaments, and K. Yoshida analyzes the influence of internal defects during the drawing of these metallic wires. 

Anchorage ag-k(o-)rij (15c) n. Part of an insert that is molded inside of a plastic part and held fast by shrinkage of the plastic onto the insert s knurled surfaces. (1) Property or profile of metal or wood substrate to enhance the adhesion of a coating. (2) Adhesion of rubber to fiber, fabric, metal or other material to which the rubber compound is applied by calendering, welding, cement spreading, or other means. 

Steel fiber fabrics are characterized by a metal coating made out of lead or a layer of galvanized zinc. Both coatings aim at assuring an excellent corrosion resistance, making it a material that is extremely durable over time. The choice of the type of coating depends on the expected exposition of the material during the service of the structure. 

Though woven fabric was the lifeblood of almost all aerospace structures until the 1930s, since then its use has fallen dramatically, replaced by sheet metal. Now that has been replaced by straight fiber (tow) lay-up into load-bearing patterns. The only woven carbon fiber fabric used extensively today is in the impact or penetration protection system applied to the outside of virtually all laid-up panels and by virtue of its crimped woven form, nonload bearing. This fabric sometimes contains metal threads to assist in lightning conduction as well as other electrical shielding functions. 

Fig. 2.11 Electrospinning and hot-pressing of metal oxide materials, (a) SEM image of the as-spun TiOj/PVAc composite fibers fabricated by electrospinning from a DMF solution, (b) SEM image of TiOj/PVAc composite fibers after hot-pressing at 120 °C for 10 min. (c) SEM image of unpressed TiO nanofibers after caicination at 450 °C. (d) SEM image of hot-pressed TiOj nanofibers after calcinations at 450 °C (Reprinted with permission from Kim et al. 2006, Copyright 2006 American Chemical Society)...

A radome (radiation dome) is simply a cover for a microwave antenna used to protect the antenna from the environment (see Fig. 3-102). Such a dome is basically transparent to electromagnetic radiation and structurally strong. The need for being transparent to radiation rules out metals. The earliest radomes (1942) were of a rubber-coated, air-supported fabric, followed later by an RP made of randomly chopped short glass-fiber, mat-reinforced TS polyester. By 1943 the glass-fiber fabric-TS polyester or epoxy was in use that has been the industry standard worldwide ever since [1, 13, 14, 17, 19, 30, 32, 44, 49, 54, 67, 68, 86, 310]. 

Metallized metal, polymer and carbon. Types la, lb, and Ic, are variants of the solid metal fibers and are distinguished therefrom by a metal layer upon the base fiber s periphery. They are fabricated by electrochemical deposition or grafting of a suitable metal, such as nickel, copper, aluminum, and their alloys, as a thin layer upon the fiber s surface. In general, these variants evolved in attempts to improve upon one, or more, properties of the Type 1 fibers. Applications of metal-on-metal. Type la, are typified by the structures described in 1972 by McNab(26) who used refractory, non conducting, base fibers for example, aluminum oxide and boron nitride, upon which were deposited films of noble metals. McNab s objective was to improve upon the strength and flexibility of Type 1 fibers by selecting a base fiber for its mechanical... 

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