Medical applications nucleic acids

Imaging/Labeling Applications Nucleic acids cells bacteria microorganisms sperms Biological/Medical Applications Detecting nucleic acids, cells, microorganisms nucleic acids amplification as temperature sensor ... 

The underlying physical principles of NMR have been established and are well understood.8 Applications of both solid- and solution-state NMR spectroscopy can be found in many different disciplines. It is routinely used in structural elucidation of organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, and biomolecules (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates). Additionally, NMR can be used to study molecular interactions (e.g., protein-protein and protein-ligand), molecular dynamics, and chemical reactions. It has also been used extensively in medical research and imaging (magnetic resonance imaging). 

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), developed by Mullis, is a simple and most effective way of amplifying, i.e. producing multiple copies of, a DNA sequence. It finds applications in all sorts of areas not immediately associated with nucleic acid biochemistry, e.g. genetic screening, medical diagnostics, forensic science, and evolutionary biology. The general public is now well aware of the importance... 

Ray, Arghya, and B. Norden. Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) Its Medical and Biotechnical Applications and Promise for the Future. FASEB Journal 14 no. 9 (2000) 1041-1060. 

NMR spectroscopy of nucleic acids is discussed briefly in Chapter 5. An important medical application of NMR is in imaging, a topic dealt with in Box 30-A. 

This chapter is divided into two sections. Section 6.1 is concerned with applications of Raman spectroscopy to biochemistry. Related topics to this section are found in Section 3.3.3 of Chapter 3 (SER spectra of dipeptides) and Section 4.1.2 of Chapter 4 (Raman (RR) spectra of peptides, proteins, porphyrins, enzymes and nucleic acids), Section 6.2 describes medical applications of Raman spectroscopy as analytical and diagnostic tools. In contrast to biochemical samples discussed in the former section, medical samples in the latter section contain a number of components such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, etc. Thus, Raman spectra of medical samples are much more complex and must be interpreted with caution. 

All information available at present is presented in the 15 chapters of the special part. From lipides, vitamins, sterols, via medicaments, auxiliary substances of the industry, amino and nucleic acids, to anion- and cation-separation — every subject is dealt with. The possible new applications of the method in medical diagnosis and pharmacology are described in a special chapter. The authors of the respective chapters, after having employed the method for years, report also on the results of their own work some of this information has not been published before and will save time-consuming preliminary tests and studies of literature, for beginners and specialists and will give valuable hints. 

HPLC life science applications focus on the separation, quantitation, and purification of biomolecules such as proteins, peptides, amino acids, nucleic acids, nucleotides, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification products.31 34 These are diversified and active research areas in medical research and drug discovery. 

Ray A, Norden B (2000) Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) its medical and biotechnical applications and promise for the future. FASEB J 14 1041-1060... 

Avidin was the first commercially available recombinant protein (1997) to be derived from a transgenic system (corn seed) for use in medical applications [285, 286, 291]. As it forms strong, non-covalent bonds with biotin, avidin is used in medical and biochemical diagnostic kits for the detection of biotin-containing proteins and nucleic acids. Transgenic corn which accumulated avidin was developed jointly by... 

---