Manganese electrodeposition

Solvent for Electrolytic Reactions. Dimethyl sulfoxide has been widely used as a solvent for polarographic studies and a more negative cathode potential can be used in it than in water. In DMSO, cations can be successfully reduced to metals that react with water. Thus, the following metals have been electrodeposited from their salts in DMSO cerium, actinides, iron, nickel, cobalt, and manganese as amorphous deposits zinc, cadmium, tin, and bismuth as crystalline deposits and chromium, silver, lead, copper, and titanium (96—103). Generally, no metal less noble than zinc can be deposited from DMSO. 

In the field of electrowinning and electrorefining of metals, titanium has an advantage as a cathode, upon which copper particularly can be deposited with finely balanced adhesion that allows the electrodeposited metal to strip easily when required. Titanium anodes are also being employed as a replacement for lead or graphite in the production of electrolytic manganese dioxide. 

Wearmouth has described the production of nickel-cobalt, nickel-manganese, and nickel-chromium alloy coatings for non-decorative uses. The nickel-cobalt and nickel-manganese are electrodeposited direct from sulphamate-based solutions, the nickel-cobalt alloys offering higher hardness than the nickel-manganese alloys, which are restricted to a relatively... 

It has been pointed out that metals residing below the position held by manganese (and, therefore, much below hydrogen) in the electrochemical series (Table 6.11) cannot be electrodeposited from aqueous solutions of their salts. These metals are called base metals or reactive metals and can be electrodeposited only from nonaqueous electrolytes such as solutions in organic solvents and molten salts. As with an aqueous electrolyte, there is a minimum voltage which is required to bring about the electrolysis of a molten salt. 

Pang SC, Anderson MA, Chapman TW. Novel Electrode Materials for Thin-Film Ultracapacitors Comparison of Electrochemical properties of Sol-Gel Derived and Electrodeposited Manganese Dioxide. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2000 147(2) 444-50. 

Ohsaka s group has extensively examined the electrochemical behavior of both chemically and electrochemically deposited Mn02, both as discrete NPs and as nanostructured interfacial materials [61,64—81]. We focus here on two of their studies that exemplify the electrocatalytic nature of these nanoscale materials. In the first effort, El-Deab and Ohsaka explored the electrocatalytic behavior of MnOOH nanorods that had been electrodeposited onto Pt electrodes by oxidation of Mn(II) in an aqueous solution of manganese acetate [76]. The nanorods had average diameters of 20 nm and aspect ratios of 45 (i.e. average lengths of 900 nm) and covered nearly... 

Rodrigues S, Munichandraiah N, Shukla AK (1998) A cyclic voltammetric study of the kinetics and mechanism of electrodeposition of manganese dioxide. J Appl Electrochem 28 ... 

EQCM provides in situ measurement of mass changes accompanying electrochemical processes, namely, absorption, electrodeposition, electrocrystallization, electrodissolution, intercalation, electrochromism, etc. Studies dealing with, for instance, manganese oxides (Wu et al., 1997) and fullerenes (Bond et al., 2000, 2001) illustrate the capabilities of such technique in the context of the electrochemistry of porous materials. 

Wu, B.L., Lincot, D., Vedel, J., and Yu, L.T. 1997. Voltammetric and electrogravimetric study of manganese dioxide thin film electrodes Part 1. Electrodeposited films. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 420, 159-165. 

Goods SH, Kelly JJ, Yang NYC (2004) Electrodeposited nickel-manganese an alloy for microsystem applications. Microsyst Technol Micro Nanosyst Inf Storage Process Syst 10 498-505... 

M. Eyraud, A. Gamier, F. Mazeron, J. Crousier, Morphology and composition of electrodeposited zinc-manganese alloys. Plat. Surf Finish. 82 (1995) 63—70. 

M. Sagiyama, T. Urakawa, T. Adaniya, T. Hara, Y. Fukuda, Electrodeposition of zinc-manganese on steel strip. Plat. Surf Finish. 74 (1987) 77—82. 

P. Diaz-Arista, G. Trejo, Electrodeposition and characterization of manganese coatings obtained form an acidic chloride bath containing ammonium thiocyanate as an additive. Surf. Coat. Techol. 

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