Major histocompatibility complex peptides

Spehr, M., Kelliher, K., Li, X.-H., Boehm, T., Leinders-Zufall, T. and Zufall, F. (2006) Essential role of the main olfactory system in social recognition of major histocompatibility complex peptide ligands. J. Neurosci 26, 1961-1970. 

Group of transmembrane proteins engaged in the presentation of small peptide fragments to T-cells. Two classes of Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules exist both of which are encoded by a highly polymorphic gene cluster. MHC class I and class II proteins present peptide fragments to CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells, respectively. The human MHC is also known as HLA, the murine MHC as H-2 complex. 

F. F. Major histocompatibility complex class 11 binding characteristics of peptoid-peptide hybrids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 

S, Reis e Sousa C, Germain RN, Mellman I, Steinman 48 RM The formation of immunogenic major histocompatibility complex class Il-peptide ligands in lysosomal compartments of dendritic cells is regulated by inflammatory stimuli. J Exp Med 2000 191 927-936. 49... 

Fig. 1. A model for functional migration of DCs and T cells. DCs are classified into naive, primed, and effector DCs, DCpre, and DC precursor. pMHC, peptide-major histocompatibility complex.

Santos, S.G., Campbell, E.C., Lynch, S., Wong, V., Antoniou, A.N., and Powis, S.J. (2007) Major histocompatibility complex class I-ERp57-tapasin interactions within the peptide-loading complex. /. Biol. Cbem. 282(24), 17587-17593. 

Tsomides, T.J., Walker, B.D., and Eisen, H.N. (1991) An optimal viral peptide recognized by CD8+T cells binds very tightly to the restricting class I major histocompatibility complex protein on intact cells but not to the purified class I protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 11276-11280. 

T. H. Watts, H. E. Gaub, and H. M. McConnell, T-cell-mediated association of peptide antigen and major histocompatibility complex protein detected by energy transfer in an evanescent wave-field, Nature 320, 176-179 (1986). 

Haselden BM, Kay AB, Larche M Immunoglobulin E-independent major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cell peptide epitope-induced late asthmatic reactions. J Exp Med 1999 189 1885-1894. 

Formation of antigens from the intracellular degradation of pathogens The proteolytic system hydrolyses proteins of pathogens that are present within the host cell (e.g. a virus), to produce a short peptide which forms a complex with a specific protein, known as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) protein. The peptide is, in fact, the antigen. At the plasma membrane, the MHC protein locates within the membrane and the small peptide sits on the outside of the membrane, where it can interact with the receptor on a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte to kill the host cell and the virus (Chapter 17). 

They recognise small peptide antigens that mnst be bound to a specific protein, the major histocompatibility complex protein (MHC) (see below). 

Peptides that serve as ligands for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules can activate vomeronasal sensory neurons. These peptides contain nine amino acid residues and activate sensory neurons from the V2 receptor... 

Hofmann, S., Gluckmaim, M., Kausche, S., Schmidt, A., Corvey, C., Lichtenfels, R., Huber, C., Albrecht, C., Karas, M., and Herr, W., Rapid and sensitive identification of major histocompatibility complex class 1-associated tumor peptides by nano-LC MALDI MS/MS, Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 4(12), 1888-1897, 2005. 

To initiate a T-cell immune response, antigen presenting cells have to display antigenic peptides com-plexed with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on their cell surface. The T-cell receptor of CDS cells is specific for the peptide-MHC class I complex while the CD4 cell receptor binds the peptide-MHC class II complex. This binding of the peptide-MHC II complex stimulates CD4 cell proliferation and subsequent lymphokine release. This CD4 cell response can initiate a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. However CD4 activation and the production of various lymphokines is also needed for the generation of cytotoxic T-cells and for the differentiation of plasma cells from B-lymphocytes and the antibody response by these plasma cells. For their role in also the humoral immune response CD4 cells are called T-helper cells. 

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