Major histocompatibility complex MHC molecules

Group of transmembrane proteins engaged in the presentation of small peptide fragments to T-cells. Two classes of Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules exist both of which are encoded by a highly polymorphic gene cluster. MHC class I and class II proteins present peptide fragments to CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells, respectively. The human MHC is also known as HLA, the murine MHC as H-2 complex. 

Maintenance warehouse, 25 470 Maize, 26 286. See also Corn Major commodity fibers, 22 172-175 Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, 20 831... 

International Immunogenetics Information System (integrated information system specializing in immunoglobulins (IG), T cell receptors (TR), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules of all vertebrate species)—http //imgt.cines.fr/... 

The prediction of peptides which bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is important for identifying autoimmune and CTL epitopes and for peptide vaccine design because the MHC-binding is a necessary condition for the peptide to be a T-cell epitope. Although MHC-binding peptides exhibit certain common sequence motifs, they are neither necessary nor sufficient for binding. Many binding peptides do... 

T-cell receptor (TCR) a heterodimeric molecnle fonnd on the surface of T lymphocytes (T-cells) that is responsible for recognizing antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Upon antigen-receptor binding with MHC, a series of biochemical reactions occur which activate the associated T-cell. 

Virtually all known cytokines and their receptors have been found in many different types of cells in the central nervous system.54 For example, IL-1(3 is produced locally in the brain by neurons, microglia and astrocytes.55 Normally, there is little active production of proinflammatory cytokines in the brain itself due mainly to the fact that intact, functional neurons strongly suppress immune reactivity both in surrounding glia cells and in the neurons themselves.56 Results of experiments in which neuronal bodies have been damaged or normal physiological input into innervated target tissue has been disrupted show that this coincides with the de novo expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules of class I and II, which are conditionally involved in adaptive immune responses (see Chapter 4). 

The immune system also makes use of the ubiquitin-mediated pathway in the response to altered self-cells, particularly virus-infected cells. Viral proteins within the cytosol of infected cells are ubiquitinated and then degraded in pro-teasomes specially designed for this role. The resulting antigenic peptides are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they bind to class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules within the ER membrane. Subsequently, the peptide-MHC complexes move to the cell membrane where the antigenic peptides can be recognized by c3rt otoxic T lymphocytes, which mediate the destruction of the Infected cells. 

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