Main constructs

Use expertise was the only formative construct used in my stu fy. Its two components are frequency and duration of use (cf. Schreier and Prugl 2008). Frequency of mountaineering was measured on a 6-point ordinal scale (ranging from never to more than 11 times per month ). The duration of mountaineering experience was measured continuously (For how many years have you been mountaineering ). 

I measured technical expertise by means of Franke et al. s (2006) well-established 4-item scale. Psychometric reliability was high (Cronbach s u=0,902, all item-to-total correlations higher than 0,7 ). 

Product involvement was measured using an instrument based on Zaichkowsky (1985) that has been adapted and applied in the field of consumer studies (Franke et al. 2009). It comprised six items that are rated on a 5-point semantic differential scale. As in prior research, the instrument exhibited good psychometric properties in my study (Cronbach s a=0,895, all item-to-total correlations higher than 0,55). 

Recall that user innovation theoiy defines lead userness as a two-dimensional construct (Luthje and Herstatt 2004 von Hippel 2005), the two dimensions being ahead of the trend and high expected benefit. Still, all lead user studies but one (Franke et al. 2006) measure lead userness on one continuous scale including items for both components (Franke et al. 2006 Jeppesen and Frederiksen 2006 Kratzer and Lett 2009 Kratzer and Lettl 2008 Morrison et al. 2004 Morrison et al. 2000 Schreier et al. 2007 Schreier and 

Both Internal and external boundary spanning behaviors were measured by using instruments developed by Bettencourt et al. (2003 2005). Each construct included four items. Internal reliability was sadsfactoiy for both internal (a=0,847) and external (a=0,846) boundary spanning behavior, with all item-to-total correlations well above 0,5. 

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PL-3.7.4 Installation of Steel Pipelines and Mains — Construction Specifications... 

Complexity of the relief of Georgia causes difficulties of gas mains construction. The most complex profile has the North-South Caucasus pipeline system. This system is crossing of the Caucasus Mountains with certain parts located on the Caucasian ridge. The highest segment of the profile is located at 2400 m altitude. Such conditions cause special requirements for its operation. Besides a significant difference between altitudes, the temperature variation must also be taken into consideration. The similar complex profile will have the South Caucasian Pipeline system as well with maximum altitude point above 2000 m. 

Therefore, enzyme simulation using short peptides must aim at reproduction of useful functions only. They should not be adjusted to the operation mode of polypeptides (biocatalysts). To put it another way, efforts should be aimed at the synthesis of catalytic biomimics simulating corresponding enzyme action with non-full parameters. It is the author s opinion that this approach will help to resolve the dead-end direction of using peptides as the main construction material. 

Lignocellulose, which comprises the main construction material of plant biomass, accounts for up to 90% of all biomass and is formed in amounts of approximately 1.5 trillion tons per year [12]. Consequently, lignocellulose is much more abundant than available amounts of vegetable oils, starch, and sugar crops. In addition to the high abundance of lignocellulose, it is inedible, and its utilization as feedstock for production of biofuels and chemicals could drastically reduce challenges of food versus fuel production. 

In reviewing the role of DA in motivation we, like other authors, have felt the need to define the main constructs utilized to describe behavior. The reason for this is that the meaning attributed to these constructs by authors throughout the literature has not been fully consistent. 

Thus in addition to standard activities accompanying complex decommissioning of non-nuclear vessels - demilitarization (arms dismantling), dismantlement of equipment, cutting of main constructions into scrap metal, etc., - one has to do with some special operations, such as ... 

Food polymers and the behaviour of their mixtures are mainly responsible for the structure-properties relationship in both food and chyme. The two basic features of food are that its biopolymers, proteins and polysaccharides are its main construction materials and water is the main medium, solvent and plasticizer. In other words, three components— protein, polysaccharide and water—are the main elements of food structure that are principally responsible for quality of foods (see also Chapter 13). 

The economics of light hydrocarbon aromatization processes do depend on the initial investment cost, mainly construction cost, and the price difference between the feedstock and aromatics. Due to the massive construction cost and no expected widening in the feedstock/BTX price difference, the payout years of a construction cost would be lengthy. 

The S curve in Fig. H.l is a graphic display of the progress of the total construction activities. It is prepared from the loaded MPS shown in Appendix E. It is superimposed on the bar chart type illustrations of the scheduled progress of the main construction subcontracts ... 

Consider case (c). The existence of the rest point E with s(7+) > 0 is proved in Proposition E.2. If s(J ) is positive then the main construction of Theorem 4.4 can be applied to obtain a monotonically converging solution starting at E + rw, where r > 0 and 0 monotonically converging solution starts at Eji, — rw, where r > 0 and this solution converges to E, which may coincide with 2- The remaining assertions in this case follow from now standard arguments. ... 

Dried monomer and solvent are premixed on their way from the storage tanks to the reactor train. Alkylaluminum catalyst component, which acts as a scavenger, is pumped or transferred by nitrogen pressure into the pipe before the first reactor. The resulting mixture of solvent, butadiene, and alkylaluminum compound is cooled and passed into reactor Rl. The solutions of other catalyst components are introduced separately, either into the pipe or directly into Rl. Carbon steel or stainless steel is used as the main construction material. The... 

Fig. 20.6 Main constructional features of a large-scale steam sterilizer (autoclave).

For the isolated Si04 unit, cluster (a), the occupied MOs are mainly constructed from O 2s and 2p orbitals while the unoccupied MOs are dominated by Si 3s-3d orbitals, as could be expected fi-om the nominal Si4+, 02- cheirge states. The Fermi energy of this cluster is -1-23.8 eV since its total charge is -4 and there is no external environment. The... 

The subtraction process is carried out by a device called a mixer. There are various ways of actually making a mixer - some are active and contain the usual transistors and so on, some are passive and are mainly constructed from transformers and diodes. The details need not concern us - all we need to know is that a mixer takes two signal inputs at frequencies f and /2 and produces an output signal which contains the signals at the sum of the two inputs, (/i + ff) and the difference (/i — ff). The process is visualized in Fig. 5.9. 

Most of the discussion in these notes treats more general diagrams of schemes. This makes the discussion easier, as some of the important properties are proved by induction on the number of objects in the diagram. Our main construction and theorems are only for the class of finite diagrams of schemes of certain type, which contains the diagrams of the form Bq (X). 

Historically, the pyridine ring has been mainly constructed via a variety of condensation reactions of smaller molecules such as amines and carbonyl compounds. 

At the working temperature of the battery (400-600°C) pure lithium is liquid. Two main construction types of lithium electrodes have been reported liquid lithium in a porous matrix and a solid alloy of lithium with another metal. The matrix of the... 

Safe computers are mainly constructed using several subsystems and complex diagnostic procedures. They consist at least of two independent sub-systems (channels), where self tests and cross-checking of the channels is used to detect failures, also safety relevant ones. Not each failure can be detected, even with the best diagnostics. This also holds for safety critical failures. 

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