Lolium multiflorum

SCHUNACK and Rdchelmeyer have described such a cis/trans isomerization of an-nuloline, a weakly basic alkaloid from Lolium multiflorum LAM [9]. Irradiation with UV light after the first TLC development simultaneously causes a cis- trans and a trans- cis isomerization, so that the SRS technique yields four blue fluorescent... 

Henry, R.J. and Stone, B.A. (1985) Extent of b-glucan chain elongation by ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) enzymes. Carbohydr.Polym. 5 1-12. 

McLachlan, M.S., Welsch-Pausch, K. and Tolls, J. (1995) Field validation of a model of the uptake of gaseous SOC in Lolium multiflorum (Rye Grass). Environ. Sci. Technol. 29, 1998-2004. 

Some assays were done using sinigrin (Sarsyntex brand) and with the chloroform-soluble fraction obtained from campestris, at the same concentration (0.013 g per Petri dish), using as indicator species Hordeum vulgare, Lolium multiflorum, Rapheinus sativus, and oleracea var. italics. 

Table IV. Age at Which B. campestris or B. oleracea var. italica Showed Allelopathic Activity (fresh material extracts, lOg/100 mL) on Radicular Growth of Hordeum vulgare, Vicia atropurpurea, Lolium multiflorum, Raphanus raphanistrum, R. sativus, B. oleracea var. italica, B. oleracea var. Georgia, and Lactuca satiya. N = 30, Numbers show percent of inhibition compared to control. 

Dimeric forms of ferulic and p-coumaric acids also occur in bound form within plant cell walls. The most common of these is didehydroferulic acid 23, which has been isolated from some plants of the Gramineae (53,54) and spinach cell cultures (7). While no such p-coumaric acid 2 derived dimer (i.e., C5-C5 linked) has ever been reported, cell walls of Lolium multiflorum contain another intriguing structural variation, namely 4,4 -dihydroxytruxillic acid 24 (5,55). 

Tolls, J., and M. S. McLachlan, Partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds between air and Lolium multiflorum (Welsch Ray Grass) , Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, 159-166 (1994). 

Welsch-Paulsch, K., M. McLachlan, and G. Umlauf. 1995. Determination of the principal pathways of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans to Lolium multiflorum (Welsh ray grass). Environ. Sci. Technol. 29 189-194. 

Perez, A. and M. Kogan (2002). Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Chile. International Weed Science Societhy, Newsletter, January. Madison, WI IWSS. 

Perez-Jones, A. and C. Mallory-Smith (2004). Resistance of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) to acelolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides in Oregon. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr., 44 81. 

Annuloline (I), the first natural oxazole isolated, occurs in seedlings of the annual rye grass Lolium multiflorum (/). The structure was confirmed by syn-... 

This high level production of a-amylase by callus is not restricted to the M202 variety, since we observe similar expression in three other rice varieties, there is a report of expression in a cell suspension culture of a japonica variety (Akazawa, T, Nagoya University, personal communication, 1987), and Saka and Maeda (32) also report expression in callus homogenates of several other varieties. Since many rice varieties, as well as ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), all secrete high levels of a-amylase, the callus production of a-amylase appears to be a general phenomenon of rice callus and perhaps other cereal callus. 

Tyrosamine) Lolium multiflorum (Poaceae), letrahydro- 3-carboime... 

Endosperm cells of a ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum, were grown in suspension culture and the cell walls recovered.261 The walls of the cultured cells were thicker than the walls in the seed. Electron micrographs indicated that the cell walls were similar to primary walls.261 The cell walls from the cultured cells contained arabinose, galactose, and xylose in the ratios of 7.3 1.9 10, and a trace of mannose was present.118 In these cell walls, as in the mesophyll cell-walls,257 glucose was present in high proportion. 

Hartley, R.D. Jones, E.C. 1976. Carbohydrates and carbohydrate esters of ferulic acid released from cell walls of Lolium multiflorum by treatment with celluotyic enzymes. Phytochem. 15 305-307. 

The mode of substitutions of the molecules may trigger effects on monocots and dicots. Thus, 5-chloro-6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone was fovmd to be especially toxic to the monocots Avena sativa, Phleum pratense L., Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., and Lolium multiflorum Lam. [99]. The dicots Amaranthus caudatus L., Lepidium sativum, and Lactuca sativa were less affected. The molecular reasons for the switch in sensitivity were, however, not discussed. 

Romer. W.. Kang Dong Kyu, Egle, K., Gerke, J. and Keller, H. (2000). The acquisition of cadmium by Lupinus albus L., Lupinus angustifolius L., and Lolium multiflorum Lam. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 163, 623-628. 

Annuloline.—The unique oxazole alkaloid annuloline (119), produced by the annual rye grass Lolium multiflorum, is derived by the unexceptional biosynthetic route shown in Scheme 27.78 Activity was incorporated into both halves of the... 

Petroski RJ, Dombos DL Jr, Powell RG. Germination and growth inhibition of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) by loline alkaloids and synthetic N-acylloline derivatives. J Agric Food Chem 38 1716-1718, 1990. 

---