Rye grass, Lolium

Manganese oxides have been used to remediate contaminated soils as well. Hydrous manganese oxides decreased Cd and Pb in rye grass (Lolium spp.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) from soils with pH 7.4-7.8 (Mench et al., 1994). Cadmium concentrations decreased in water and in 0.1 M Ca(N03)2 and acetic acid extracts of treated soils (Mench et al., 1994). 

From sedimentation and diffusion measurements, Ogston has determined the molecular weight of the fructans from both leafy cocksfoot grass (Dacty-lis glomerata) and Italian rye grass (Lolium italicum) to be 5,500.261 Both polysaccharides were polymolecular, and the data indicated a singly-branched structure for each. 

An intermediate 5-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/7-pyrrolo[l,2- ][l,2]oxazin-7(4a//)-one 142 has been described in the total synthesis of (—)-loline, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid extracted from rye grass Lolium cuneatum. The key step of the synthesis was an intramolecular cycloaddition of acylnitrosodienes (obtained by in situ oxidation of the corresponding hydroxamic acids 143). This reaction generated predominantly the rro/o-stereoisomer that was further cleaved at the N-O bond with Na(Hg) and further elaborated in several steps to reach the target compound (Scheme 19) <2001J(P 1)1831 >. 

Powles, S.B. and J.M. Matthews. (1992) Multiple herbicide resistance in annual rye grass (Lolium rigidum) A driving force for the adaption of integrated weed management. In L. Denholin, A. Devonshire, and D. Holloman, eds., Achievements and Developments in Combating Pest Resistance. London, UK Elsevier Press, pp. 1-13. 

Annuloline (I), the first natural oxazole isolated, occurs in seedlings of the annual rye grass Lolium multiflorum (/). The structure was confirmed by syn-... 

Perlolyrine (14) is an alkaloid from the perennial rye grass Lolium perenne, and is of a different type from the alkaloids obtained previously from Lolium species. The alkaloid has been synthesised by a standard Pictet-Spengler synthesis using 5-acetoxymethyl-2-formylfuran and tryptophan, followed by oxidative dehydrogenation-decarboxylation. 

Annuloline.—The unique oxazole alkaloid annuloline (119), produced by the annual rye grass Lolium multiflorum, is derived by the unexceptional biosynthetic route shown in Scheme 27.78 Activity was incorporated into both halves of the... 

Christensen MJ, Leuchtmann A, Rowan DD, Tapper BA. Taxonomy of Acremonium endophytes of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), meadow fescue (F. pratensis), and perennial rye-grass (Lolium perenne). Mycol Res 97 1083-1092, 1993. 

Potato Solarium tuberosum) Perennial rye grass Lolium perenne)... 

CijH.vNjO, Mr 247.30, mp. 242-243°C. A myco-toxin alkaloid from the Australian rye grass Lolium perenne, formed after infection with the fungus Acre-monium loliae. P. has a potent antifeedant effect on some insect species. It contains the unusual pyr-rolo[l,2- ]pyrazin-l(2W)-one ring system. 

Perlolidine (xn-833), a minor alkaloid first isolated from the New Zealand perennial rye grass Lolium perenne L., has been synthesized from 3-cyano-4-phenyl-2-pyridone (see Section L2.B.) via XII-830, XII-831, and XII-832. ... 

Figure 1 Scanning electron micrographs of (a) rye grass (Lolium perenne) pollen surrounded by starch granules and (b) starch granules. (Courtesy of Prof Frank Murray, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.)...

---