Ryegrass Italian

Intercropping is most successful when the two crops have the complementary growth and resource needs, e.g., Italian ryegrass (L. multiflorum Lam.) was too competitive with the timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.), therefore it should not be recommended as a companion crop for timothy establishment (Jefferson et al. 2000). 

Phenolic Acid or Aldehyde (mg g 1 cell walls) Maize Stem(6) Barley Stem(6) Wheat Bran(6) Italian Ryegrass Shoot(7)... 

Berardo, N. (1992) Measuring Italian ryegrass quality by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). In Murray, I. and Cowe, LA. (eds) Making Light Work Advances in Near Infrared Spectroscopy. VCH, Weinheim, Germany, pp. 272-276. 

Bakken, A.K., Gautneb, H. and Myhr, K. 1997. The potential of crushed rocks and mine tailings as slow-release K fertilisers assessed by intensive cropping with Italian ryegrass in different soil types. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 47 41-48. 

Perez, A. and M. Kogan (2002). Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Chile. International Weed Science Societhy, Newsletter, January. Madison, WI IWSS. 

Perez-Jones, A. and C. Mallory-Smith (2004). Resistance of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) to acelolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides in Oregon. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr., 44 81. 

Isawa, K., Abe, A., Nishihara, N. Influence of diseases on the chemical composition and nutritive value of forage crops. I. Chemical composition of Italian ryegrass infected with crown rust. Ann Phytopathol Soc Japan 1974 40 86-92. 

Naqvi, H.H. Preliminary studies of interference exhibited by Italian ryegrass. Biologia (Lahore) 1972 18 201-... 

Naqvi, H.H., Muller, C.H. Biochemical inhibition (allelopathy) exhibited by Italian ryegrass (LoUum rmdtiflorum L.). Pak J Bot 1975 7 139-147. 

Iwasaki, K. and Takahashi, E. (1989) Effects of charge characteristics of Cu-chelates on the Cu uptake from solution by Italian ryegrass and red clover. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 35, 145-150. 

Wanner, A., Reichl, L., Kohler, J., Schadel, S., Rupprich, A., Kdmer, W. (2007) Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) in Italian ryegrass exposed near to Bavarian shredder plants. In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Brominated Flame Retardants, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 24-27 April 2007 (unpaginated). 

Breland, T.A. and Bakken, L.R. (1991) Microbial growth and nitrogen immobilization in the root zone of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Italian ryegrass (Loiium muitifiorum Lam.), and white clover Trifolium repens L.). Biology and Fertility of Soils 12,1 54-1 60. 

Table 18.1 Composition of the dry matter of a sample of Italian ryegrass cut at a young leafy stage (g/kg)...

Seedling Italian ryegrass is more susceptible than perennial ryegrass and where grass follows grass. Mid to late August drilling most affected. 

The establishment of Italian ryegrass in maize stubble can provide valuable additional grazing, as well as reducing, to some extent, the risk of soil erosion and nutrient leaching after harvest. Where only a non-residual herbicide, such as bromoxynil has been used for post-emergence weed control, it has also been possible to establish Italian ryegrass undersown in forage maize. 

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