Liquids nomenclature

APPENDIX I LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS FOR IONIC LIQUID NOMENCLATURE... 

Here, fisAB denotes the angle as measured in liquid A, and the phases in parentheses have saturated the immediately preceding phase. A strictly rigorous nomenclature would be yet more complicated we simply assume that A and B are saturated by the solid and further take it for granted that the two phases at a particular interface are mutually saturated. mutual saturation effects are neglected, then the combination of Eqs. X-23 and X-21 gives... 

Molecules tliat are capable of fonning liquid crystal phases are called mesogens and have properties tliat are mesogenic. From the same root, tire tenn mesophase can be used instead of liquid crystal phase. A substance in a liquid crystal phase is tenned a liquid crystal. These conventions follow tliose in tire Handbook of Liquid Crystals, [4, 5 and 6] tire nomenclature of which [7] for various liquid crystal phases is adopted elsewhere in tliis section. 

Figure C2.2.7. Schematic illustrating tire classification and nomenclature of discotic liquid crystal phases. For tire columnar phases, tire subscripts are usually used in combination witli each otlier. For example, denotes a rectangular lattice of columns in which tire molecules are stacked in a disordered manner (after [33])...

Nomenclature (Use consistent units.) A = heat-transfer surface C, c = specific heats of hot and cold fluids respectively Lq = flow rate of liquid added to tank M = mass of fluid in tank T, t = temperature of hot and cold fluids respectively Ti, ti = temperatures at beginning of heating or cooling period or at inlet To, to = temperature at end of period or at outlet To, to of liquid added to tank ... 

Basically, a gas absorption tower is a unit in which the desirable light ends components are recovered from the gas feed by dissolving them in a liquid passing through the tower countercurrently to the gas. The liquid absorbent is called lean, oil, and it usually consists of a hydrocarbon fraction in the gasoline boiling range. After the absorption step, the liquid which now contains the desired constituents in solution is referred to as fat oil. A similarly descriptive nomenclature is applied to the gas, which is referred to as wet gas when it enters the tower and as dry gas when it leaves the absorber. 

In the discussion of phase diagrams involving hydrates, the following nomenclature will be used (if the structure of the hydrate is not specified the subscript is omitted) Hx is the hydrate of Structure I, Hu is the hydrate of Structure II, Lx is a nonaqueous liquid, L2 is an aqueous liquid, and G is a gas. 

Our initial experimental results indicated that the kinetic model— first order in liquid phase CO concentration—was the leading candidate. We designed an experimental program specifically for this reaction model. The integrated rate expression (see Appendix for nomenclature) can be written as ... 

Figure 5.64 LC-UV and LC-MS-MS (multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM)) traces from the analysis of a synthetic mixture of four native and five oxidized deoxynucleosides (for nomenclature, see text). Reprinted by permission of Elsevier Science from Comparison of negative- and positive-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for the liquid chromalography-landem mass speclrometry analysis of oxidized deoxynucleosides , by Hua, Y., Wainhaus, S. B., Yang, Y., Shen, L., Xiong, Y., Xu, X., Zhang, F., Bolton, J. L. and van Breemen, R. B., Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 12, pp. 80-87, Copyrighl 2000 by Ihe American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

Since many of the developments in modern liquid chromatography are of recent origin the nomenclature commonly used is less standardized than that of gas chromatography [188]. Wc have Mde an arbitrary selection of the terms we prefer to use in this book along with some other common alternatives in Table 1.13. 

NOMENCLATURE AND niYSICAL CHARACTRISTICS OF ANALYTICAL LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC COLUMNS... 

Before discussing column preparation procedures a few comments on nomenclature are in order. Open tubular columns are also widely known as capillary columns. The characteristic feature of these columns is their openness, which provides an unrestricted gas path through the column. Thus open tubular colximn rather than capillary column is a more apt description. However, both descriptions appear frequently in the literature and can be emsidered interchangeable. The type of columns discussed so far are also known as wall-coated open tubular columns (WCOT). Here the liquid phase is deposited directly onto the column wall without the inclusion of any additive that might be considered as... 

In some cases, it can be useful to use other definitions for the specific contact area. For example, some authors use oL, which is the interfacial area per unit volume of liquid (m2 mf3) or aG, the interfacial area per unit volume of gas (m2 mG3). Note that the nomenclature a, aL or oG is not always specified. The specific contact areas are related by ... 

Antibacterial agents, 3 1-23 classification, 3 7-9 economic aspects, 3 16-17 in liquid soap, 22 748 nomenclature, 3 6-7 preparation and manufacture, 3 9-16 promising chemicals for aquaculture,... 

Nomenclature, 17 384-413 basic scheme of, 17 384-385 biochemical, 17 401-402 computerized approaches to, 17 400-401 elastomer, 21 761t enzyme, 10 258-260 for ionic liquids, 26 840-841 glossaries related to, 17 404 inorganic, 17 387-394 macromolecular (polymers), 17 403 404 organic, 17 394-401 polymer, 20 390-395 pump, 21 88 quinone, 21 236-237 reactor technology, 21 358 related to mass transfer, 15 731-737 reverse osmosis, 21 674-676 Society of Rheology, 21 704 spray-related, 23 199t systematic, 17 394... 

NAFTA n.a. NEA NEDC NG NGC NGL NGPL NMVOC NOC NUTS North American Free Trade Agreement Not available Nuclear Energy Agency New European Driving Cycle Natural gas Natural gas from coal Natural-gas liquids Natural gas plant liquids Non-methane volatile organic carbons National Oil Company Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics... 

The Schmidt number is the ratio of kinematic viscosity to molecular diffusivity. Considering liquids in general and dissolution media in particular, the values for the kinematic viscosity usually exceed those for diffusion coefficients by a factor of 103 to 104. Thus, Prandtl or Schmidt numbers of about 103 are usually obtained. Subsequently, and in contrast to the classical concept of the boundary layer, Re numbers of magnitude of about Re > 0.01 are sufficient to generate Peclet numbers greater than 1 and to justify the hydrodynamic boundary layer concept for particle-liquid dissolution systems (Re Pr = Pe). It can be shown that [(9), term 10.15, nomenclature adapted]... 

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