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Liquid wicking

Estimates of the order of magnitude for each of these resistances indicate that several simplifications can be made [33], that is, the axial resistance of both the pipe wall and the liquid-wick combination may be treated as open circuits and neglected and the liquid-vapor interface resistances and the axial vapor resistance can typically be assumed to be negligible, leaving only the pipe wall radial resistances and the liquid-wick resistances at both the evaporator and condenser. [Pg.875]

N. Mao, S.J. Russell, Capillary pressure and liquid wicking in three-dimensional nonwoven materials, J. Appl. Phys. 104(3) (2008), http //dx.doi.Org/10.1063/l.2965188. [Pg.166]

The ratios of the physical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation, liquid wicking distance, liquid transport rate, dielectric constant, opacity, and permeability between MD and CD in nonwoven fabrics are used to characterise the anisotropy of nonwoven stractures in the fabric plane. However, these anisotropy terms are from indirect experimental methods to characterise the nonwoven stmcture, and they are just ratios in two specific directions in the fabric plane, and could misrepresent the anisotropy of the nonwoven structure. The direct method to study the anisotropy of nonwoven structure is to investigate the architectore and texture of the component... [Pg.167]

One-dimensional liquid wicking rate (wicking strip test)... [Pg.177]

The liquid wicking rate may be measured in terms of the linear rate of advance of the liquid in a strip of nonwoven fabric in strip test. In vertical strip test, the nonwoven fabric is first conditioned at 20°C and 65% RH for 24 h. A strip of the test fabric is suspended vertically with its lower end immersed in a reservoir of distilled water (or other liquid). After a fixed time has elapsed, the height reached by the water in the fabric above the water level in the reservoir is measured. Both the wicking rate and the ultimate height that the water reached are taken as direct indications of the wickability of the test fabric. Liquid wicking in both MD and CD of the nonwoven fabric are tested to obtain the anisotropic liquid wicking properties. [Pg.177]

Modified Laser-Doppler Anemometry is another alternative method to monitor liquid wicking in a 2D fabric plane based on the Doppler principle. When a laser beam is passed through a flowing liquid, light is scattered by the particles suspended in the liquid. The scattered light is subject to a frequency shift and contains information about the velocity of the particles, which can then be examined by electro-optical techniques. This measurement, therefore, requires the flow medium to be partly transparent and containing particles, that scatter light used this method, to obtain the local velocity of liquid flow in a nonwoven fabric. [Pg.178]

Opposite to the methods for measuring liquid wicking into nonwoven fabrics, the... [Pg.179]

Not only the time for a hquid droplet striking through a nonwoven fabric and liquid wicking rate are important, the rate of liquid absorption (or the period of time taken for nonwoven fabrics to reach saturated status) and the capacity of a nonwoven fabric to retain the hquid, the liquid absorbency, or the liquid absorption capacity are also crucial for nonwoven applications such as hygiene, wiping, and other absorbent nonwoven materials. The methods used to assess the rate of hquid absorption and the hquid absorption capacities are dehned in INDA/EDANA and ISO standards. For example ... [Pg.179]

IPA was the test fluid of choice. For each test, a screen sample was placed horizontally over the edge of the liquid bath shown on the left of Figure 4.16. The IPA bath was filled to the top so that the overhanging portion of the screen became wet. A camera from above then recorded video of the screen as the liquid wicked to the dry portion of the screen. Rulers were placed next to the screen so that wicking distance could be monitored with time. From the wicking front versus time video, it was possible to determine the effective wicking diameter for each screen. Tests were conducted parallel and perpendicular to the warp wires, for comparison. [Pg.106]

The first defense line against staining is the fluoiinated soil retardant (see Chapter 13) which reduces soiling with particulate soil and hinders wetting of fibers. When a liquid is spilled on the carpet, the fluorinated repellent provides time for the removal of the liquid by blotting before the liquid wicks into the carpet. However, if the liquid is allowed to wick into the carpet, a stain-resist agent in the fiber surface or inside the fibers must prevent staining. [Pg.590]

The Washburn model is consistent with recent studies by Rye and co-workers of liquid flow in V-shaped grooves [49] however, the experiments are unable to distinguish between this and more sophisticated models. Equation XIII-8 is also used in studies of wicking. Wicking is the measurement of the rate of capillary rise in a porous medium to determine the average pore radius [50], surface area [51] or contact angle [52]. [Pg.470]

Regardless of which, or which combination, of the above mechanisms is responsible for adhesion in a given case, intimate molecular contact between the adhesive and adherend is required. This means that the contact angle of the liquid adhesive against the adherend surface should be as low as possible, and preferably 0°. For the case of contact adhesion, this is immediately evident, but in cases where mechanical interlocking is the primary mechanism for adhesion it is also the case because the adhesive must first be able to flow or wick into the pores of the... [Pg.17]

Alsairafi, A., Lee, S.T., and T ien, J.S., Modeling gravity effects on diffusion flames stabilized around a cylindrical wick saturated with liquid fuel. Combust. Sci. Technol., 176, 2165, 2004. [Pg.177]

Solutions Fixed-path length liquid cell with KBr windows Wick cell Best for low-viscosity liquids For small volumes of liquid (1 ptL)... [Pg.314]

A 4.9 g sample of the liquid siloxane in a glass dish was put into a bomb calorimeter (on an open bench) containing 5 ml of sodium hydroxide solution to absorb combustion gases. The electric igniter system consisted of a metal wire in contact with a cotton-wool wick which dipped into the siloxane sample. The bomb was sealed, pressured up to 39-44 bar with oxygen, and the igniter was fired. A violent explosion blew the lid off the bomb (rated at 190 bar working, 250 bar test), and examination of the deformed bomb indicated that a maximum detonation pressure of around 900 bar had been attained. [Pg.1852]

The wicking of liquid into a porous solid is also of importance. Excessive wicking may give rise to a coat of varying thickness. Furthermore, to produce a coat of the desired thickness, additional coating material may be required due to the loss of coating into the particle interior. [Pg.337]

Whole-cell biocatalysts, organic solvents and, 16 412-413 Whole cells, 3 669-671 Whole-cell systems ionic liquids in, 26 897 Whole cluster pressing in white wine, 26 311 Whole-wheat flour, 26 279, 283 Whole yeast vaccines, 26 488 Who needs it concept, 24 190 Wicking limit, heat pipe, 13 230 Wicks... [Pg.1021]

Molotov cocktail—A crude incendiary bomb made of a bottle filled with flammable liquid and fitted with a rag wick. [Pg.36]

Mist explosions are, of course, dust explosions in which the particles happen to be liquid. Other less common types of detonation involving gaseous oxidants are reviewed in [37], These include wick explosions, foam explosions, and surface explosions. [Pg.135]

Wick, C.D., Siepmann, J.I., and Schure, M.R., Simulation studies on the effects of mobile-phase modification on partitioning in liquid chromatography, Anal. Chem., 76, 2886, 2004. [Pg.302]


See other pages where Liquid wicking is mentioned: [Pg.168]    [Pg.871]    [Pg.875]    [Pg.875]    [Pg.875]    [Pg.876]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.178]    [Pg.229]    [Pg.247]    [Pg.168]    [Pg.871]    [Pg.875]    [Pg.875]    [Pg.875]    [Pg.876]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.178]    [Pg.229]    [Pg.247]    [Pg.426]    [Pg.553]    [Pg.450]    [Pg.12]    [Pg.173]    [Pg.43]    [Pg.1852]    [Pg.64]    [Pg.255]    [Pg.402]    [Pg.395]    [Pg.302]    [Pg.268]    [Pg.275]    [Pg.504]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.177 , Pg.179 ]




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