Liquid volume reduction system

The Terrazyme phase segregation technology was developed to be a volume reduction system for use on wastes with high water contents. It is a chemically enhanced, mechanical separation process for segregating waste into a liquid and a solid phase. 

The operation of both the dry and wet off-gas treatment systems generates secondary radioactive wastes. These typically include filters and filtrafitm materials, adsorption materials, and in the case of wet scrubbers, liquid scrub solutions and blowdowns. Dry scrubbers would produce secondary wastes in the form of solid neutralizing agents and their residues, probably mixed with fly ash. Some of these secondary wastes (both solid and liquid) may be processed by incineration or drying in the same incineration system. Others need to be handled by a separate volume reduction system or disposed of with or without immobilization. The ash removed from the various collection points in the off-gas treatment system also needs to be treated and disposed of with the bulk of the ash collected from the combustion system. 

The determination of the components in liquid rocket fuels is quite important, because they are not stable and the composition determines how much thrust a rocket can attain for a given volume of fuel. These materials can be treated either as weak bases and titrated or as an oxidation-reduction system. In either case, there is no way to differentiate them. The technique of ligand exchange is a way of separating these materials for further analysis. 

The simplest designs are volume separators in which droplets of pump fluid are separated from the exhaust gas flow by the reduction in the flow speed. These separators are used in liquid ring vacuum systems. The separation can be improved by fitting swirl bodies. A mixture of saturated vapours that varies according to the operating temperature of the vacuum pump always emerges from the exhaust gas nozzle. 

Once the bubble point is reached (at point B), the first bubble of ethane vapour is released. From point B to C liquid and gas co-exist in the cell, and the pressure is maintained constant as more of the liquid changes to the gaseous state. The system exhibits infinite compressibility until the last drop of liquid is left In the cell (point C), which is the dew point. Below the dew point pressure only gas remains in the cell, and as pressure is reduced below the dew point, the volume increase is determined by the compressibility of the gas. The gas compressibility is much greater than the liquid compressibility, and hence the change of volume for a given reduction in pressure (the... 

Review the system illustrated in Figure 40.8. Chamber A is under pressure and is connected by a tube to chamber B, which is also under pressure. The pressure in chamber A is static pressure of lOOpsi. The pressure at some point (X) along the connecting tube consists of a velocity pressure of lOpsi exerted in a direction parallel to the line of flow, plus the unused static pressure of 90psi. The static pressure (90psi) follows Pascal s law and exerts equal pressure in all directions. As the fluid enters chamber B, it slows down and its velocity is reduced. As a volume of liquid moves from a small, confined space into a larger area, the fluid will expand to fill the greater volume. The result of this expansion is a reduction of velocity and a momentary reduction in pressure. 

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