Liquid chromatography-hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry

Zhang, X., Cornelis, R., de Kimpe, J. and Mees, L. (1997a) Speciation of toxicologically important arsenic species in human serum by liquid chromatography-hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 11, 1075-1079. 

M. A. Lopez, M. M. Gomez, C. Camara, Determination of six arsenic species by high-performance liquid chromatography - hydride generation - atomic absorption spectrometry with on-line thermo-oxidation, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem, 346 (1993), 643-647. 

Sur, R., Dunemann, L. Method for the determination of five toxicologically relevant arsenic species in human urine by liquid chromatography - hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. J. Chromat. B 807, 169-176 (2004)... 

Lopez-Gonzalvez MA, Gomez MM, Camara C, et al. 1994. On-line microwave oxidation for the determination of organoarsenic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography-hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 9(3) 291-295. 

Zhang X, Cornelis R, De Kimpe J, and Mees L (1996) Arsenic speciation in serum of uraemic patients based on liquid chromatography with hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry and on-line UV photo-oxidation digestion. Anal Chim Acta 319 177-185. 

Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry High Performance Liquid Chromatography High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography High Resolution... 

Blais, J.-S., Momplaisir, G.-M. and Marshall, W.D. (1990) Determination of arsenobe-taine, arsenocholine and tetramethylarsonium cations by liquid chromatography-thermochemical hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 62, 1161-1166. 

High performance liquid chromatography coupled with hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry has been used for the determination of arsenic species in non saline water samples [265],... 

D. Velez, N. Ybanez, R. Montoro, Determination of arsenobetaine in manufactured seafood products by liquid chromatography, microwave-assisted oxidation and hydride-generation atomic-absorption spectrometry, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 12 (1997), 91D96. 

K. J. Lamble, S. J. Hill, Arsenic speciation in biological samples by on-line high performance liquid chromatography - microwave digestion-hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry, Anal. Chim. Acta, 334 (1996), 261-270. 

M. A. Palacios, A. Varga, M. Gomez, C. Camara, F. Gavilanes, Evaluation of acid hydrolysis of proteins on Se-aminoacids and trimethylselenonium species by liquid chromatography-microwave digestion-hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry, Quim. Anal., 18 (1999), 163-168. 

Blais et al. [268] determined arsenobetaine, arsenocholine and tetra-methyl arsonium ion in non saline waters in amounts, respectively, down to 13.3,14.5 and 7.8pg by a procedure based on liquid chromatography-thermochemical hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. 

Figure 3.40 Schematic of an LC-HGAAS system (Reprinted from Analytica Chimica Acta, Niedzielski, P. The new concept of hyphenated analytical system Simultaneous determination of inorganic arsenic(lll), arsenic(V), selenium(IV) and selenium(VI) by high performance liquid chromatography-hydride generation-(fast sequential) atomic absorption spectrometry during single analysis, 55 (1-2), 199-206 T Copyright 2005 with permission from Elsevier).

Basic techniques for speciation analysis are typically composed of a succession of analytical steps, e.g. extraction either with organic solvents (e.g. toluene, dichloromethane) or different acids (e.g. acetic or hydrochloric acid), derivatisa-tion procedures (e.g. hydride generation, Grignard reactions), separation (gas chromatography (GC) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)), and detection by a wide variety of methods, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), mass spectrometry (MS), flame photometric detection (FPD), electron capture detection (ECD), etc. Each of these steps includes specific sources of error which have to be evaluated. 

Figure 3 Instrumental methods for the determination of arsenic compounds (Abbreviations AAS, atomic absorption spectrometry APS, atomic fluorescence spectrometry CE, capillary electrophoresis GC, gas chromatography HG, hydride generation ICP-AES, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry INAA, instrumental neutron activation analysis LC, liquid chromatography MS, mass spectrometry).

ISE, ion-selective electrode FAAS, flame atomic absorption spectrometry ETAAS, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry FES, flame emission spectrometry FIG, hydride generation CV, cold vapor AFS, atomic fluorescence spectrometry Bl, biamperometry FIPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography LC, liquid chromatography GC-MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Br-PADAP, 2- 5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino)phenol Cig, octadecyl-chemically modified silicagel PAN, 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol. 

---