Liquefaction mitigation

Nashed, R., Thevanayagam, S., Martin, G. R. (2009). Densification and Liquefaction Mitigation of Saturated Silty Soils by D5mamic Compaction -Design. Ground Improvement Journal, Institute of Civil Engineers, UK. 

Shenthan, T. (2001). Factors affecting liquefaction mitigation in silty soils using stone columns. MS Thesis, Department of Civi, Structural and Environ. Eng., University at Buffalo, NY, USA. 

Various research projects in areas of structural and soil isolation, dynamic interface properties of geosynthetics, seismic permanent deformations, and liquefaction mitigation have been conducted using this facility. A recent research project conducted on liquefaction mitigation will be presented in the following section. 

Finally, the shaking table tests on partially saturated sands allowed the authors to investigate the beneficial effect of partial saturation on liquefaction strength and led to the development of a new liquefaction mitigation technique. 

Ground improvement Liquefaction mitigation Liquefaction prevention Liquefaction remediation... 

The remove and replace method is another liquefaction mitigation technique. This involves the removal of the in situ liquefiable material and replacement with a non-liquefiable material such as clay, gravel, or dense sand. Its advantage is that it provides high degree of confidence in the final product and uses constmction equipment and practices that are widely available and easily tested (Idriss and Boulanger 2008). However, this method is only feasible when relatively small... 

Low emission liquefaction processes are particularly important in a scenario in which greenhouse gas mitigation is essential. Likely such scenarios will emphasize the use of technologies such as wind and nuclear power for central station power, while hydrocarbons will be increasingly reserved for liquid transportation fuel applications. 

Sawayama S, MinowaT,YokoyamaYS. Possibility of renewable energy production and CO2 mitigation by thermochemical liquefaction of microalgae. Biomass Bioenergy 1999 17(1) 33—9. 

C-Core, 2004. Earthquake Induced Damage Mitigation from Soil Liquefaction, Centre for Cold Ocean Resources Engineering, Data Report of Centrifuge Test CTl and CT2, Canada. 

There are several approaches proposed in the literature for calculation of the dynamic responses of a pile or a pile group in a liquefied soil deposit. In current engineering practice, however, more emphasis is on taking proper countermeasures to mitigate the adverse effect of the liquefaction hazard. These mitigation methods include the following ... 

Performance criteria concerning liquefaction should be based on the acceptable low probability of soil failure. The corresponding requirements are usually expressed in terms of (relative) density (as function of the effective stress) and the particle size distribution. Possible mitigating measures include compaction of the subsoil and the installation of draining elements. 

Thus, the overall goal of any remediation work is to investigate alternatives to mitigate the liquefaction hazard so that relative benefits versus costs for different levels of mitigation efforts can be assessed. In investigating potential remedial measures, the following factors should be considered ... 

Countermeasures to mitigate the damaging effects of liquefaction can be classified into two categories (1) ground improvement... 

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