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Linoleic acid health benefits

CLA refers to a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid (cis-9, cis-12 octadecadienoic acid) with a conjugated double bond system. The structure of two CLA isomers is contrasted with linoleic and vaccenic acids in Figure 3.1. The presence of CLA isomers in ruminant fat is related to the biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the rumen. Ruminant fats are relatively more saturated than most plant oils and this is also a consequence of biohydrogenation of dietary PUFAs by rumen bacteria. Increases in saturated fatty acids are considered undesirable, but consumption of CLA has been shown to be associated with many health benefits, and food products derived from ruminants are the major dietary source of CLA for humans. The interest in health benefits of CLA has its genesis in the research by Pariza and associates who first demonstrated that... [Pg.94]

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may have a role in improving the nutritional and health properties of milk fat (Wahle et al., 2004 see Chapter 3). A range of lipases was compared for their efficacy of catalysing the incorporation of CLA into milk fat in solvent-free systems (Garcia et al., 2000). It was concluded that it was technically feasible to incorporate CLA into milk fat with the use of immobilised Candida antarctica lipase. However, the nutritional benefits and physical properties of the CLA-enriched milk fat need to be investigated prior to consideration of this technology for industrial application. [Pg.321]

Parodi, P.W. 2002. Health benefits of conjugated linoleic acid. Food Industry J. 5, 222-259. [Pg.215]

DeFelice (2002) coined the term Nutraceutical from Nutrition and Pharmaceutical, and defined it as a food or part of food (components) that provides medical or health benefits, including the prevention and/or treatment of a disease. Although nutraceuticals are commonly used in marketing, the term has no regulatory definition in the majority of the countries worldwide. The production of nutraceutics (polyols, conjugated linoleic acids, GABA, vitamins, etc.) and other interesting metabolites such as EPS by LAB is presented here [209]. [Pg.420]

Khanal, R. C. (2004). Potential health benefits of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) a review. [Pg.98]

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has received great interest in many different scientific fields due to its wide range of physiological effects. However, until recently, there was very little data available that assess the safety of CLA, despite the vast amount of research on CIA and its worldwide consumption. The purpose of the immense number of studies performed in varying animal models was revealing the different health benefits of CIA consumption for humans. The relevance of the results of these studies to the safety of human CIA consumption is limited to mechanistic information on different physiological processes related to safety. [Pg.181]

During the past two decades, a large number of animal studies showed that dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) possessed multiple health-related benefits. In addition, the results of a few human intervention studies have recently been reported. Because of ethical reasons, time constraints, and cost, human studies usually employ surrogate end points or biomarkers of disease risk. However, individuals may have high levels of a risk factor and never succumb to the disease, whereas others may have a low level of the risk factor and succumb. [Pg.108]

This oilseed crop is produced and sold in health-food stores because it contains substantial amounts (7-15%) of y-linolenate. y-Linolenic acid is produced from linoleic acid and converted to higher polyenes, such as arachidonic acid, and into prostaglandin hormones. Breakdown in this pathway is associated with several diseases, and some of these may be alleviated by the consumption of diets rich in y-linolenate (Raederstorff and Moser, 1992). The possible benefits of this oil are appreciated more widely in Europe than in the United States (Walker, 1985). Other sources of y-linolenate have been identified (Wolf et al., 1983). [Pg.110]

A number of PUFA are essential micronutrients or have been ascribed particular health benefits, including oleic acid, linoleic acid, y-linolenic acid (GLA), EPA and DHA [see Chapters 8, 9 and 10]. There is strong and well-documented evidence that n-3 (commonly referred to as omega-3) long-chain PUFA such as EPA and DHA can lower the risk of coronary heart disease. There is also growing evidence that they can have beneficial effects related to inflammatory diseases, early development, neurological diseases and cognitive performance. [Pg.19]

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA, 2006) has approved a health claim for conventional canola oil that states canola is high in unsaturated fats and consnming 1.5 tablespoons of canola oil per day may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease . Potential health benefits of conventional canola oil are largely due to its relatively low levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA 1% of total fatty acids) and high amonnts of the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), oleic acid (OA 61% of total fatty acids Canola Council of Canada, 2008). Conventional canola oil is also a good source of two essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), linoleic acid (LA 21% of total fatty acids), an n-6 PUFA, and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA 11% of total fatty acids), an n-3 PUFA. This composition of LA and ALA results in a low, 2 1 ratio of n-6 n-3. [Pg.252]


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