Leather imitation

Uses Solvent for celluloid, cellulose acetate, fats, oils, waxes, nitrocellulose and resins wood preservatives rayon and artificial leather imitation gold leaf extraction of resins and waxes in antifreeze mixtures and hydraulic fluids laboratory reagent preservative for animal tissue dyeing mixtures stripping agent for textiles. 

Uses. The most important areas of use of pigments are paints, varnishes, plastics, artists colors, printing inks for paper and textiles, leather decoration, building materials (cement, renderings, concrete bricks and tiles—mostly based on iron oxide and chromium oxide pigments), leather imitates, floor coverings, rubber, paper, cosmetics, ceramic glazes, and enamels. 

Anionic dispersions based on IPDI, HMDI, and HDI are particularly important and are largely used for industrial applications (e.g., as glass fiber sizing or as a finish for leather and leather imitates). Chemical cross-linking is achieved by the use of water-soluble melamine resins. Stoving temperatures of ca. 140 °C are necessary. 

Leather (qv) has been employed for many uses since ancient time on account of the convertibiUty of an easily decomposed substance into one which resists putrefaction. Leather is stUl an important material with its unique stmcture it is so dense in texture that it resists wind and water while retaining breathabihty and flexibiUty, which makes the resulting goods comfortable. Early attempts to imitate leather included appHcation of oil, mbber, or soluble cotton onto paper or fabrics. However, very Htde progress had been made until the era of synthetic resins began in the twentieth century. 

Vinyl-Coated Fabrics. Leather substitutes are designed to imitate the appearance of leather with its grain surface. This requirement has been accomphshed by coating substances that are capable of forming a uniform film, and was first met by plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). A leather-like material termed vinyl-coated fabric was developed in the 1930s in the United States and Germany. Shortages of leather after World War 11 spurred the expansion of this material. 

Man-Made Leathers. These materials contain a nonwoven fabric which is impregnated with a polyurethane to improve fiexibiHty, processibiHty, and conformabiHty (Fig. 9). Advanced man-made leathers contain microfibers as fine as 0.03 tex (0.3 den) or less to imitate coUagen fiber bundles, thereby attaining the soft feel and appearance essential for soft leather use. Polyurethane in the substrate is usually provided with porous stmcture by poromeric technology. The coating layer is also porous in the two-layer type man-made leathers (5—10). 

Most manufacturing methods now available are similar to this but with the following modifications in the first step, the polymers for fibers are mainly made of polyester, nylon, or thein blends. AcryUcs and polypropylene are also sometimes employed. A regular fiber as thick as 0.01—0.4 tex (0.1—4 den) may sometimes be used instead of the special fiber to imitate the hard leather. 

Rausch-gelb, n. orpiment. -gift, n. narcotic poison or drug, -gold, n. Dutch gold, tinsel, -leder, n. chamois (leather), -mittel, n. intoxicant. -rot, n. realgar, -silber, n. imitation silver foil. 

P.O.38 is frequently employed in combination with P.Y.83 to provide brilliant and very lightfast shades of orange. P.O.38 is particularly useful to produce shades of brown in PVC and PUR imitation leather. 1/3 SD HDPE formulations con-... 

At atmospheric pressure the foam structure depends on the formulation and processing parameters. Foamed sheets and imitation leathers can be manufactured by this process. 

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is widely used as a plasticizer in flexible vinyl products. Plastics may contain from 1 to 40% di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate by weight and are used in consumer products such as imitation leather, rainwear, footwear, upholstery, flooring, wire and cable, tablecloths, shower curtains, food packaging materials and children s... 

If cither colors are required—as red, for example— the fabrio should bo coated with gutta-percha and vermilion. Take one pound of any oil-varnish, or pale linseed, nut, Or poppy oil, previously made drying by any of the ordinary methods, and three ounces of crimson lake grind them well together, and coat the fabric, with a thin layer. If the fabric has been embossed or corked to imitate morocco leather, the result will not be a bad imitation of that article. Of course, any tinge may be produced by a similar process. 

Vinyl chloride (CH2=CHC1) is the second-largest-volume chemical made from ethylene. It is made by adding chlorine to ethylene and then thermally cracking out HC1 from the intermediate, ethylene dichloride. The vinyl chloride is polymerized to polyvinyl chloride (PVC), also called vinyl, which is used to make pipe, floor covering, wire coating, house siding, imitation leather, and many other products. 

Wash leather Spilt sheepskin dressed with oil. In imitation of chamois, and used for cleaning, dusting, washing, etc. 

Evaporation of acryloi trile from leather It negligible aiKl with time causes burning Of the skin avoid leattier clothing (inci. shoes). 0(Sor imit is above TLV. Special first aid required in the event of poisoning antidotes must be avabble (with instructions). 

Textiles and artificial leather for vehicle interiors, carbon look and imitation wood foils for the dashboard, paint foils in the car color for radiator masks, decor strips, and door sUls. The remaining difficulties include the class A surface quality demanded by carmakers as well as so-called color-matching (same optical impression of sheen and color adjacent to conventionally painted parts). In these fields, the back injection process competes more directly with painting processes than with laminating processes. Here as well, this technology offers excellent opportunities for greater cost efficiency in future production processes (Figs. 28 and 29). 

Chem. Descrip. Linear CjC, alcohol phthalate CAS 68515-42-4 EINECS/ELINCS 271-084-6 Uses Plasticizer for PVC for imitation leather, elec, cables, conveyor belts, coil coatings, profiles, gaskets, tubing Features Enhanced low temp, performance low fogging UV stable Properties Hazen 50 max. clear liq. pract. odorless sol. in common org. soivs. misc. with most of the plasticizers used in processing PVC insol. in water dens. 0.965-0.978 ml (20 C) vise. 43-51 mPa-s-(20 C) acid no. 0.07 max. ref. index 1.480-1.486 (20 C) 99.5% min. ester content 0.1% max. water Diplast 0 [LonzaSpA]... 

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