Purified lanolin

Lanolin alcohols are obtained by saponification of purified wool grease, a mixture of high molecular esters that is recovered in wool (qv) scouring. Ethoxylation of purified lanolin alcohols yields a full series of lipophilic and hydrophilic nonionic emulsifiers whose largest use is in cosmetic preparations. Manufacturers include Amerchol, Croda, ICI, Henkel Corporation, Westbrook Lanolin, Witco, and Pulcra, SA. 

The lanolin extracted from the wool is purified further for use in cosmetics, hand cream, boot-polish, and so on. Part of the permeate from the ultrafiltration is recycled to save fresh water. A particular advantage arises from the fact that the dissolved sweat components exhibit... 

Lansinoh. It s basically purified lanolin. No word on if the sheep are organic, but as conventional remedies go, it has the market cornered. It also scores well in terms of safety concerns in the Environmental Working Group s Skin Deep report, and La Leche promotes it, so it can t be too bad. 

Lanolin and its numerous derivatives have been widely used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries for many years as vehicles for active ingredients and for their beneficial effects on skin function.3 Although purified lanolin is used without incident by millions of people, confusion still exists concerning the possible allergenic potential of lanolin. The extremely low incidence of sensitization of healthy individuals to purified lanolin used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries has been comprehensively reviewed.4-6... 

Lanolin is a very complex mixture of esters, diesters, and hydroxy esters of high molecular weight lanolin alcohols and lanolin acids. Being a complex natural product, the method of refinement for lanolin is very important, as this determines the composition, properties, and quality of the purified lanolin.1-7 8 It is necessary, therefore, to bear in mind that not all refined lanolins are the same. The incredibly complex composition of lanolin also means that it cannot be synthesized.1... 

The nature of the substance that is responsible for sensitization to lanolin is not clear, but it has a high affinity for the natural free alcohols.1 Clark has proposed that the incidence of adverse reactions can be virtually eliminated by reducing the level of lanolin alcohols to no more than 3% (w/w).1 Alternatively, the lanolin alcohols can be intensively purified to eliminate traces of the compounds which may cause sensitization 22... 

Lanolin, Anhydrous, occurs as a purified, yellow-white, semisolid, fatlike substance. It is extracted from the wool of sheep. It is insoluble in water, but mixes with about twice its weight of water without separation. It is soluble in chloroform and in ether. 

Lanolin Wool fat, purified wool fat, Corona BP, JP, PhEur, USPNF Melting range 38-44 °C loss on drying <0.25% residue on ignition <0.1% iodine value 18-36 acid value <1.0 ... 

BP Wool fat JP Purified lanolin PhEur Adeps lanae USP Lanolin... 

Cera lanae E913 lanolina lanolin anhydrous Protalan anhydrous-, purified lanolin refined wool fat. 

The USP 28 describes lanolin as the purified wax-like substance obtained from the wool of the sheep, Ovis aries Linne (Earn. Bovidae), that has been cleaned, decolorized, and deodorized. It contains not more than 0.25% w/w of water and may contain up to 0.02% w/w of a suitable antioxidant the PhEur 2005 specifies up to 200 ppm of butylated hydroxytoluene as an antioxidant. 

Crude lanolin is saponified with a weak alkali and the resultant saponified fat emulsion is centrifuged to remove the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase contains a soap solution from which, on standing, a layer of partially purified lanolin separates. This material is then further refined by treatment with calcium chloride, followed by fusion with unslaked lime to dehydrate the lanolin. The lanolin is finally extracted with acetone and the solvent is removed by distillation. 

Lanolin (the anhydrous material) may be confused in some instances with hydrous lanolin since the USP formerly contained monographs for lanolin and anhydrous lanolin in which the name lanolin referred to the material containing 25-30% w/w of purified water. However, in the USP 28 the former lanolin monograph (hydrous lanolin) is deleted and the monograph for anhydrous lanolin is renamed lanolin . 

The JP 2001 describes hydrous lanolin as a mixture of lanolin and 25-30% w/w purified water. The PhEur 2005 describes hydrous lanolin as a mixture of lanolin and 25% w/w purified water see also Section 18. The PhEur 2005 additionally permits the inclusion of up to 150 ppm of butylated hydroxy-toluene as an antioxidant. 

Lanolin is melted, and sufficient purified water is gradually added with constant stirring. 

Wool fat is obtained from extracts of soapy water in which sheep s wool has been washed or extracted with solvents from grease wool. Lanolin is obtained by purifying the grease (or suint). This emollient is a yellow and viscous substance, consisting of fatty acids and fatty acid esters. 

Desoximetasone emollient cream 0.25%, desoximetasone gel 0.05%, desoximetasone ointment 0.25%, and desoximetasone emollient cream 0.05% contain the active synthetic corticosteroid desoximetasone. The topical corticosteroids constitute a class of primarily synthetic steroids used as anti-inflammatory and antipruritic agents. Each gram of emollient cream 0.25% contains 2.5 mg desoximetasone in an emollient cream consisting of white petrolatum USP, purified water USP, isopropyl myristate NF, lanolin alcohols NF, mineral oil USP, cetostearyl alcohol NF, aluminum stearate, and magnesium stearate. Each gram of gel 0.05% contains 0.5 mg desoximetasone in a gel consisting of purified water USP, SD alcohol 40 (20%... 

The sodium chloride ointment is a sterile ophthalmic ointment used to draw water out of the cornea of the eye. Each gram contains active ingredient sodium chloride 5% and inactives lanolin, mineral oil, white petrolatum, and purified... 

Lanolin la-n l-9n [L lana wood + ISV -ol+ -in] (1885) n. Purified wool grease. See adepts lanae and anhydrous. 

Edman B, MoUer H (1989) Testing a purified lanolin preparation by a randomized procedure. Contact Dermatitis 20 287-290... 

One of the compounds present in lanolin was isolated, purified, and then treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide to yield an unbranched alcohol with 20 carbon atoms and an unbranched carboxylic acid with 22 carbon atoms. Draw the structure of the compound. 

Adeps Lanae, Anhydrous n Pharmaceutical name for lanolin or purified wood grease. 

Inorganic materials vary widely. Activated alumina, which has a polar surface, is used largely as a dessicant. It is also used for laboratory-scale chromatography. Sihca gel, consisting of amorphous silicon dioxide, is also used as a dessicant. Clays are used as inexpensive adsorbents for some petroleum-based applications, they have in the past been used once and discarded. Fuller s earth is used to purify oils, an echo of its original purpose to adsorb lanolin from fleece. 

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