Isooctyl ester

Teratogenic (fetus deforming) effects on rats and mice were reported for 2,4,5-T and the isooctyl ester of 2,4-D, while mortality and physical abnormalities were shown to increase in chick embryos of gamebird eggs sprayed with 2,4-D at rates commonly used in field applications [153,166]. The most extensively used halo-genated benzoic acid herbicides are Chloramben and Dicamba. 

The results of Smith (22) suggested that the isopropyl and n-butyl esters of 2,4-D are subject to rapid chemical hydrolysis in soils however the isooctyl ester was more stable and possibly undergoes some biological hydrolysis. Bailey et al. (23) reported that the hydrolysis of the propylene glycol butyl ester in pond water was 90% complete in 16-24 hours and 99% complete in 33-49 hours. Zepp et al. (24) reported that the half-life for hydrolysis of various 2,4-D esters varied from 0.6 hour for the 2-butoxy-ethyl ester to 37 hours for the 2-octyl ester. Persistence of the ester in the soil environment was estimated to be less than one week. The degradation of the 2,4-D acid was also rapid (12) but slower than the hydrolysis of the ester. 

Table VI. Concentrations (ppm) of the Acid and n-Butyl and Isooctyl Esters of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T Placed Subsurface in Utah...

Figure 6. Effect of volume size on the rate of degradation of formulated isooctyl ester of 2,4-D at a concentration of 1086 ppm in the 66-lamp unit.

Table II. Recoveries of 2,4-D (propylene glycol butyl ether ester) and 2,4,5-T (isooctyl ester) Added to 25 mL urine.

In the repellency test (Table III), chlorpropham showed a much higher deposition on the treated cloth than the other chemicals tested. However, in this particular test of penetration while it is higher than other chemicals the percent penetrating, in comparison with the surface deposit, is small. The treatments seemed to be effective for both PCP and 2,4,5-T isooctyl ester. 

ETHYL ESTER ISOOCTYL ESTER ISOPROPYL ESTER... 

No direct measurements of volatilization losses of any pesticide has been made following applications to forests. However, Grover et al. (7) recently measured the volatilization of 2,4-D after application as the isooctyl ester to a wheat field. This same low-volatile ester is used in forest vegetation control. The total vapor loss within 3 days after application of the isooctyl ester of 2,4-D was 20% of the amount applied. The applicability of these findings to volatilization of like pesticides in the forest environment will be discussed. We will indicate how volatilization in forests may differ from that reported from agricultural applications to open fields. The paper also will discuss the transfer of pesticides into the atmosphere from the standpoint of mechanisms involved, factors influencing rates of... 

Grover et al. ( 7) recently measured the volatilization of 2,4-D isooctyl ester after application to a wheat field at 0.5 kg/ha (acid equivalent). He reported that total vapor losses of the isooctyl ester over a 5-day sampling period were 93.5 g/ha or 20.8% of the amount applied. The crop canopy intercepted 77% of the applied ester and thus acted as the major source of vapor loss. He found that the 2,4-D ester losses from the soil surface occurred only when the soil surface was moist, i.e., after a rainfall event or in the early hours of the morning following the disposition of dew. The ester was rapidly hydrolyzed to the acid on the wheat plants and in the soil, particularly when surface soil moisture was available. 

The inert components of pesticides can also contribute to their absorption by humans by facilitating the transport of pesticides through protective clothing. A commercial formula containing isooctyl ester of 2,4-D was shown to penetrate through neoprene and nitrile gloves. The penetration was ascribed to a cosolvent effect involving the inert components of the formulation. [4°1... 

Harville J, Que Hee SS. Permeation of a 2,4-D isooctyl ester formulation through neoprene, nitrile and Tyvek protection materials. Am IndHyg Assoc J1989 50(8) 438-46. 

Acetic acid, 2,2 -((dimethylstannylene)bis(thio))bis-, di-isooctyl ester Advastab TM 181 Advastab TM 181S Bis((((isooctyloxy)carbonyl)methyl)thio)dimethyltin Diiso-octyl ((dimethylstannylene)dithio)diacetate Diiso-octyl 2,2 -((dimethylstannylene)bis(thio))diacetate Di-methyltin bis(isooctyl mercaptoacetate) Dimethyltin-bis(isooctyl-thioglycolate) Dimethylfm S,S -bis isooctyl mercapto-acetate) ... 

Acrylic acid, isooctyl ester Ageflex FA-8 AI3-28217 CCRIS 4352 EINECS 249-707-8 Isooctyl acrylate Isooctyl acrylate monomer 2-Propenoic acid, isooctyl ester SR-440. Coring agent. Used in pressure-sensitive adhesives, coatings, caulks and sealants. Liquid d = 0.880 flash point = 79". Rit-Chem Sartomer. 

Acetic acid, mercapto- isooctyl ester A13-26088 EINECS 246-613-9 HSDB 2704 Isooctyl mercaptoacetate Isoootyl thioglycolate Mercaptoacetic acid, isoootyl ester, NSC 9590, Antioxidants, fungicides, oil additives, plasticizers, insecticides, stabilizers, polymerization modifiers, stabilizer for tin-sulfur compounds, stripping agent for polysulfide rubber. Sock, Bruno Chemische FabrikKG. 

Phosphoric acid, isooctyl ester, potassium salt... 

Isooctyl alcohol phosphate, potassium salt EINECS 271-944-0 Isooctyl alcohol phosphate, potassium salt Isooctyl alcohol, phosphoric anhydride condensation product, potassium salt Isooctyl phosphate, potassium salt. Phosphoric acid, isooctyl ester, potassium salt... 

Acetic acid, (stibylidynetrithio)tri-, triisooctyl ester Acetic acid, mercapto-, isooctyl ester, antimony(3-r) salt Antimony tris(isooctyloxycarbonylmethylmercaptide) Antimony(3-<-) tris(2-(isooctyloxy)-2-oxoethanethioiate) EINECS 248-388-2 (Stibylidynetrithio)trixetic acid, triisooctyl ester Triisooctyl (stibylidynetrithio)tri acetate. 

Methyl 4,6,6,6-tetrachloro-3,3-dimethyl 271 -944-0 Phosphoric acid, isooctyl ester. ... 

Synonyms Isooctyl phosphate Isooclyl phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid isooctyl ester Empirical C,H,AP Properties M.w. 210.21... 

Phosphoric acid isooctyl ester. See Isooctyl acid phosphate Phosphoric acid methylphenyl diphenyl ester. See Diphenylcresyl phosphate... 

See Glycol dimercaptoacetate Acetic acid, mercapto- isooctyl ester. See Isooctyl thioglycolate... 

Benzenedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexyl isooctyl ester. See Cyclohexyl isooctyl phthalate... 

Bismate Powd., Bismate Rodform . See Bismuth dimethyl dithiocarbamate Bis (mercaptoacetate) dioctyltin bis (isooctyl) ester. See Dioctyltin diisooctylthioglycollate Bis (mercaptobenzimidazolato) zinc. See Zinc 2-mercaptobenzimidazole Bis (mercaptobenzothiazolato) zinc. See Zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole... 

Synonyms Acetic acid, 2,2 -((dioctylstannylene) bis (thio)) bis-, diisooctyl ester Bis (isooctyloxycarbonylmethylthio) dioctyl stannane Bis (mercaptoacetate) dioctyltin bis (isooctyl) ester Diisooctyl ((dioctylstannylene) dithio) diacetate Dioctyltin bis (isooctylmercaptoacetate)... 

Synonyms Isooctyl phosphate Isooctyl phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid isooctyl ester... 

Isooctyl ester, mercaptoacetate acid. See Isooctyl thioglycolate Isooctyl isodecyl phthalate... 

Synonyms Hexadecanoic acid isooctyl ester Empirical C24H48O2 Formula C8H17OOCC15H31 Properties Clear liq. sol. in most org. soivs. m.w. 368.72 dens. 0.863 (20 C) m.p. 6-9 C b.p. 228 C (5 mm) flash pt. (COC) 213 C Toxicology LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg Precaution Combustible Uses Secondary plasticizer for synthetic resins, extrusion aid plasticizer for PS, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose Manuf/Distrib. ChemService http //www.chemservice.com, Inolex http //www.inolex. com... 

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