Iowa State University development

In the tributyl phosphate extraction process developed at the Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University (46—48), a solution of tributyl phosphate (TBP) in heptane is used to extract zirconium preferentially from an acid solution (mixed hydrochloric—nitric or nitric acid) of zirconium and hafnium (45). Most other impurity elements remain with the hafnium in the aqueous acid layer. Zirconium recovered from the organic phase can be precipitated by neutralization without need for further purification. 

Another method that has been applied by our group to the study of enzymatic reactions is the Effective Fragment Potential (EFP) method [19]. The EFP method (developed at Mark Gordon s group at Iowa State University) allows the explicit inclusion of environment effects in quantum chemical calculations. The solvent, which may consist of discrete solvent molecules, protein fragments or other material, is treated explicitly using a model potential that incorporates electrostatics, polarization, and exchange repulsion effects. The solute, which can include some... 

Ames (2) A wet oxidation process for desulfurizing coal in which the oxidant is oxygen and the sulfur dioxide is absorbed by aqueous sodium carbonate. Developed in the 1970s by the Ames Laboratory of Iowa State University, with funding from the U.S. Department of... 

Hichlor A family of processes for making aluminum trichloride and other volatile metal chlorides by chlorinating fly ash and other coal wastes in fixed and fluidized beds. Developed by Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. Not commercialized. 

The first of two stays of the senior author at Iowa State University was supported by a contract between Ae United Nations Industrial Development Organization and Ae National Chemical Laboratory, administered in the United States by the Carl Duisberg Society, Inc. This work was also supported by the Engineering Research Institute of Iowa State University. The authors thank Ron Niece, Cynthia Wadsworth, Nick Strickland, and Tony Grabski of the University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center for providing confirmation of the amino acid sequence, and Brian Chait and Ron Beavis of Rockefeller University for attempting matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectroscopy on Ac enzyme. This article is N(X Communication No. 4950. 

Schmidt, F. A., Lunde, B. K., and Williams, D. E., Doc. No. IS-4125, Iowa State University, Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, Ames, lA, 1976. 

Bhatnagar, D. and Qeveland, T. E. "Aflatoxin biosynthesis developments in chemistry, biochemistry and genetics" la Aflatoxin in corn New perspectives, Shotwell, O. L. and Hurbuigh, Jr., C. R., Eds Iowa State University Press Ames, lA, 1991, pp. 391-405. 

Dr. Larock has recently been awarded 1997 and 1998 Merck Academic Development Awards in Chemistry, received a 1998 Regent s Award for Faculty Excellence at Iowa State University, and in 1999 been named University Professor of Chemistry. 

Together with A. DiSpirito of Iowa State University, we conducted in 2007 a Mossbauer study of pMMO from M. capsulatus (Bath), aimed at determining whether the (quite active) preparations contained iron components assignable to a catalytically active site.44 Before we discuss the Mossbauer spectra, a comment about MMO catalytic activity will be in order. Biochemists have developed a propylene oxidation assay, and the MMO activity is measured in units of nmol propylene oxide/min/mg protein.45 The activities of pMMO samples investigated by us had 1500 units in whole cells, 500 units in membrane fractions (with the enzyme residing still in the membrane), and 160 units for the purified enzyme. Preparations from laboratories favoring a copper catalytic site have <20 units or no activ-ity.33,34,38 39 46 47 The above values show that catalytic activity is lost in the course of the preparation, either by loss of metals from the active site or by conformational changes not yet appreciated. 

Wheelock, T. D. Greer, R. T. Markuszewski, R. Fisher, R.W. "Advanced Development of Fine Coal Desulfurization and Recovery Technology," (Annual Technical Progress Report, Oct. 1977-Sept. 1978) IS-4688 Iowa State University Ames, LA, April 1979. 

Max Morris is a Professor in the Statistics Department and in the Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering at Iowa State University. His research interests include the development and application of experimental designs and strategies for computer simulations, problems involving spatial and dynamic systems, and factor screening experiments. 

Central Research and Development Department, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, DE 19898, Contribution No. 2369. fDepartment of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010. 

Few of the published efforts in parallelizing QC codes appear to be directed at the most widely used packages the exceptions include the development of parallel versions of GAMESS (at Iowa State University 3,94,io6 at the EPSRC Daresbury Laboratory 96.u>4,io8) FIONDO (at IBM Kingston " ), and TURBOMOLE (at Karlsruhe ). Though not as widely used. 

F. w. GORDON FEARON is technical director and vice president for Dow Corning in Japan. He received his B.S. in chemistry from the University of Leeds and his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Wales for research in the silicon field. He carried out postdoctoral research in silicon chemistry at Iowa State University. He joined Dow Corning Corporation in 1968, and since then he has held a wide variety of research, development, and business management positions, with particular emphasis on expanding the scope of useful silicon science and technology. 

New nutrition-oriented salad and cooking oils have been developed in recent years. LoSatSoy is an oil low in saturated fatty acids that was developed at Iowa State University, licensed to Pioneer Hybrid International (Johnston, lA), and commercialized as a salad or cooking oil. This specialty soybean oil has one-half the amount of saturated fatty acids in normal soybean oil (7% versus 15%) therefore, it is promoted as having improved nutritional and health benefits. 

E. Gutierrez, Method Development for Sphingolipid Quantification in Soybeans and Soy Products, M. S. Thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 2003. 

C. L. Davis and J. K. Drackley, The Development, Nutrition and Management of the Young Calf, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, pp. 20, 30, 32, 227, 228. 

A small-scale chain conveyor type of extractor was developed in the 1940s at Iowa State University with the intent of using trichloroethylene solvent to extract soybeans. Crown Iron Works of Minneapolis, Minnesota, licensed the technology and extractor design, and supplied several continuous solvent extraction plants in 1951 using the new extractor and trichloroethylene solvent (6). The meal from these plants proved detrimental to animals, so the plants were either closed or converted to petroleum-based solvents (7). The chain-type extractor apparatus continued on and is the basis of the modern Crown Iron Works Model III extractor used today. 

To our knowledge, apart from a brief and elementary outline of a new approach developed by the present authors (5), no simple systematic didactic method for accomplishing the aforementioned goals has been reported (particularly for polyatomic molecules). While excellent introductory descriptions of bonding concepts exist (6,7), no attempts seem to have been made to find a pictorial substitute for a substantial portion of group theory as applied to molecular orbitals or to elaborate in detail the equivalence of the localized and delocalized bonding views on an elementary level. Our approach has been developed and tested in a freshman chemistry course for majors at Iowa State University for a number of years. In the present paper we give and justify a more elaborate discussion of this pictorial method which leads to delocalized and localized MO s for a wide variety of polyatomic molecules. The key concept is that delocalized and localized MO s can be deduced from an appropriate extension of the characteristics of AO s. More specifically, the symmetry and directional characteristics of MO s are obtained from the symmetry and directional characteristics of AO s. 

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