Iodine sanitizers

Alkali AletalIodides. Potassium iodide [7681-11-0] KI, mol wt 166.02, mp 686°C, 76.45% I, forms colorless cubic crystals, which are soluble in water, ethanol, methanol, and acetone. KI is used in animal feeds, catalysts, photographic chemicals, for sanitation, and for radiation treatment of radiation poisoning resulting from nuclear accidents. Potassium iodide is prepared by reaction of potassium hydroxide and iodine, from HI and KHCO, or by electrolytic processes (107,108). The product is purified by crystallization from water (see also Feeds and feed additives Photography). 

Iodine is extensively used in a variety of forms as both an antiseptic and a disinfectant. lodophors, usually nonionic surfactants (qv) complexed with iodine, were developed for more readily usable iodine-based antiseptics and disinfectants. These are used as disinfectants in dairies, laboratories, and food processing (qv) plants, and for sanitation of dishes in restaurants. The reaction product of lanolin and iodine shows utiHty as a germicide (149). 

Lithium hydroxide, 15 134, 140-141 Lithium hypochlorite, 4 52 15 141 pool sanitizer, 26 175 Lithium iodide, 3 417 15 140 Lithium-iodine cells, 3 463-464 characteristics, 3 462t speciality for military and medical use, 3 430t... 

An important application of iodine is in water purification and sanitation. It is used as a disinfectant in food-processing plants, dairies and restaurants. It is applied to disinfect municipal and other water supplies and swimming pools. 

Quaternary germicides, phenolic compounds and iodine are not recommended as sanitizing against for polyamide membranes as these compounds can cause losses in water flux through the membrane.15... 

One of the major uses of iodine and its compounds is in sanitation systems or in making various antiseptics and dmgs. Iodine is also used to make... 

Iodine can have both favorable and unfavorable effects on living organisms. It tends to kill bacteria and other disease-causing organisms. In fact, this property leads to its use in sanitation systems and as an antiseptic. An antiseptic is a chemical that stops the growth of germs. Not so long ago, tincture of iodine was one of the most popular antiseptics. It was applied... 

Biopal . [Rhone-POttlenc Surf.] Iodine complete germicide, for fonnulating cleaners, sanitizers. 

Iodine was first exploited commercially in 1916 in the form of potassium iodide as a remedy for goiter, and as a tincture of iodine and iodoform, which were used as disinfectants for cuts and for sanitation. 

Iodine is a microbiocide, and is often used in disinfectants in dairies, laboratories, and food-processing plants, as well as in the sanitation of swimming pools and dishes in restaurants. 

Hemken RW, Fox JD and Hicks CL (1981) Miife iodine content as influenced by feed sources and sanitizer residues. J Food Protect 44 476-487. 

Dipping teats in iodine-containing miik sanitizers has a small effect on milk iodine concentration. In recent investigations the increase in milk iodine concentration from the pretreatment period (without the iodophor) to the treatment period with the iodophor was of the order of one-tenth to one-half of the initial concentration (Galton, 2004 Flachowsky et al., 2007). Cheese is not a good source of iodine for humans. When cheese is made iodine does not remain in the curd, but distributes between the curd and the whey (Zimmermann et ai, 2005). 

The major natural food source of iodine is fish. The iodine content of fish reflects that of the water they inhabit thus, high levels of iodine are present in marine fish and shellfish compared to freshwater fish (Figure 45.1). Milk and dairy products contain relatively high amounts of iodine and are considered to be the most important sources of iodine in developed countries. The iodine content of milk is largely influenced by the use of iodophors as teat sterilants and equipment sanitizers in dairy husbandry, and the supplementation of animal feeds due to iodine deficiency in dairy cattle, exacerbated by the inclusion of goitrogenic feeds in the diet (COT, 2003). In addition, seasonal variations in the iodine content of foods are particularly evident in cows milk, with greater iodine... 

In the United States, iodine intake is mostly achieved through the consumption of dairy products and bread, due to the use of iodine as a sanitizing and feed supplement in the dairy industry and as a dough conditioner in bread. 

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil iodometry Potassium iodate iodophor, cleaners Nonoxynol-9 iodine iodophor, disinfectants Nonoxynol-9 iodine iodophor, rinses Nonoxynol-9 iodine iodophor, sanitizers Nonoxynol-12 iodine ion exchange... 

Dioctyl dimonium chloride microbicide, sanitizers Alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride microbicide, sealants 2-Thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole microbicide, sec. oil recovery Alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride microbicide, soaps PVP-iodine... 

Some sanitizing agents used in the dairy industry contain iodine and nonionic detergent (iodophors). Free iodine can be detected by adding an equal volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid to cold milk followed by a few drops of 2-phenylbenzo(h)chr-omen-4-one(7,8-benzoflavone) solution and a similar quantity of hydrogen peroxide. This is shaken and the presence of iodine is indicated by a lilac or blue colon... 

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