Genitourinary tract

Maintaining Adequate Fluid Intake and Output Because one adverse reaction of the sulfonamide dragp is altered elimination patterns, it is important that the nurse helps the patient maintain adequate fluid intake and output. The nurse can encourage patients to increase fluid intake to 2000 mL or more a day to prevent crystal-luria and stone formation in the genitourinary tract, as well as to aid in the removal of microorganisms from the urinary tract. It is important to measure and record the intake and output every 8 hours and notify the primary health care provider if the urinary output decreases or the patient fails to increase his or her oral intake... 

DRUGS USED FOR GOUT. The nurse encourages a liberal fluid intake and measures the intake and output. The daily urine output should be at least 2 liters. An increase in urinary output is necessary to excrete the urates (uric acid) and prevent urate acid stone formation in the genitourinary tract. 

These drugp are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to die drugs, asthma, peptic ulcer disease, coronary artery disease, and hyperthyroidism. Bethanecol is contraindicated in those with mechanical obstruction of die gastrointestinal or genitourinary tracts. Fhtients with secondary glaucoma, iritis, corneal abrasion, or any acute inflammatory disease of the eye should not use die ophtiialmic cholinergic preparations. 

Bleeding is the most common adverse reaction seen with the use of these drugp. Bleeding may be internal and involve areas such as die GI tract, genitourinary tract, and die brain. Bleeding may also be external (superficial) and may be seen at areas of broken skin, such as venipuncture sites and recent surgical wounds. Allergic reactions may also be seen. 

When the nurse is administering any of the miscellaneous drugs, the nurse monitors die patient for a reduction in the symptoms obtained in die preadministration assessment such as dysuria, urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, and relief of any pain associated widi irritation of die lower genitourinary tract. 

Table 8.10 Some pathogens (bacterial, fungal and protozoal) whose phagocytic-mediated destruction is impaired in persons suffering from CGD. Administration of IFN-y, in most cases, enhances the phagocyte s ability to destroy these pathogens. These agents can cause hepatic and pulmonary infections, as well as genitourinary tract, joint and other infections...

Blastomycosis can disseminate to virtually every other body organ, including skin, bones, and joints, or the genitourinary tract, without any evidence of pulmonary disease. 

Histamine also acts on extravascular smooth muscles to cause contraction or relaxation. Most often, contraction is due to activation of Hj receptors and relaxation to activation of H2 receptors (32). In man, histamine causes contraction of bronchial and intestinal smooth muscles. Histamine-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum is a standard bioassay for histamine. Its effects on smooth muscle of the eye and genitourinary tract are important in some species but not in human ( ). In scombroid poisoning cases. 

It is less potent than ciprofloxacin and is primarily used in genitourinary tract infections. It is relatively more potent than ciprofloxacin in above condition. It is not useful in respiratory and systemic infections due to gram positive cocci. 

It is a semisynthetic potent cephalosporin for parenteral administration. It can be administered less frequently because of its long half life. It is used in infections of genitourinary tract, bone, joint and soft tissue infections, septicaemia, endocarditis, gonorrhoea, postoperative chest infections, biliary tract infection and surgical prophylaxis. 

Genitourinary tract infections e.g., pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis. 

In humans, histamine generally has insignificant effects on the smooth muscle of the eye and genitourinary tract. However, pregnant women suffering anaphylactic reactions may abort as a result of histamine-induced contractions, and in some species the sensitivity of the uterus is sufficient to form the basis for a bioassay. 

Trichomoniasis Vagina genitourinary tract Metronidazole Tinidazole... 

Cat s claw has long been used in South America as an anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, and contraceptive agent. It is also traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers, tumors, gonorrhea, dysentery, various skin problems, cancers of the female genitourinary tract, and intestinal disorders. Native South Americans use cat s claw to cleanse the kidneys and treat bone pain. Some Europeans report that it is useful in the treatment of AIDS when used in combination with zidovudine (AZT). The purported usefulness of cat s claw tea in the treatment of diverticulitis, hemorrhoids, peptic ulcer disease, colitis, parasites, and leaky bowel syndrome have fueled demand for the bark in the U.S. 

Saw palmetto is known to have diuretic, urinary antiseptic, endocrinological, and anabolic properties. Traditionally, it is used for chronic or subacute cystitis, catarrh of the genitourinary tract, testicular atrophy, sex hormone disorders, and specifically for prostatic enlargement. 

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