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International Health Economics

Most (if not all) companies within the pharmaceutical industry have recognised that such requirements are now a permanent part of doing business, and are developing internal health economics expertise, both on a global (corporate) and on a country-specific level. It should be noted that because of the multidisciplinary nature of this area of research, pharmaceutical company-based health economists cannot operate in isolation from the other disciplines within the company. It is therefore vital that pharmaceutical physicians understand the basic principles of health economic evaluations in order to work with the health economists in the development of high-quality analyses. [Pg.701]

Borghi, J., A. Gorter, P. Sandiford, and Z. Segura. 2003. "The Cost-Effectiveness of a Voucher Scheme to Reduce Sexually Transmitted Infections in Sex Workers and Their Clients The Case of Managua, Nicaragua." Paper presented at the Fourth World Congress of the International Health Economics Association, San Francisco. [Pg.101]

Berndt, E.R. (2000), International comparisons of pharmaceutical prices what do we know, and what does it mean , Journal of Health Economics, 19, 283-7. [Pg.58]

Kielhorn, A. and J.M. Graf von der Schulenburg, The Health Economics Handbook. Chester, UK Adis International, pp. 15-33 (2000). [Pg.248]

The current ISPOR 2000-2001 Board of Directors is as follows President Jon C. Clouse, M.Ph., M.S., Ingenix Pharmaceutical Services President-Elect Eva Lydick Ph.D., SmithKIinc Beccham Past President Bryan R. Luce Ph.D., M.B.A, MEDTAP International Directors A. Mark Fcndrick M.D., University of Michigan Medical Center Karen Rascati R.Ph., Ph.D., University of Texas Joan Rovira Ph.D., University of Barcelona and SOIKOS Kent H. Summers Ph.D., Eli Lilly Company Adrian Towse M.S., Mphil, Office of Health Economics (United Kingdom) and Executive Director Marilyn Dix Smith R.Ph., Ph.D. [Pg.489]

They may be issued by an individual WHO Expert Committee and included in their reports (e.g., WHO Expert Committee on specifications for pharmaceutical preparations, technical report number 863, 1996), or issued as special WHO publications under the authority of the DG (e.g.. Globalization and access to drugs, health economics and drugs, 1998). Most of the WHO Recommendations are directed at developing countries (e.g., the International Pharmacopoeia ). [Pg.905]

The earliest developments in health economics concentrated on measuring the cost of health care. The work of Abel-Smith and Titmus for the Guillebaud Committee in 1955 showed that rather than the NHS becoming too expensive, in reality the share that the NHS was taking up had fallen at a time when the population had grown. Since then the share of national income spent on the NHS has risen, but international comparisons. [Pg.748]

Health Economics Evaluations Database (HEED) 1992-. London, U.K. Office of Health Economics (OHE) and the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations (IFPMA). Monthly. URL http //www.ohe-heed. com. HEED is a database of economic evaluations in health care that contains information on studies of cost-effectiveness and other forms of economic evaluation of medicines, other treatments, and medical interventions. [Pg.189]

PharmacoEconomics. Auckland, New Zealand Adis International. Monthly. ISSN 1170-7690. Promotes the development and study of health economics as applied to rational drug therapy. [Pg.195]

HEED, Health Economics Evaluations Database [database online]. London, UK Office of Health Economics (OHE) and the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations (IFPMA) 1992. [Pg.196]

Parker, J., Regulatory Stringency and the International Diffusion of Drugs, Arne Ryde Symposium on Pharmaceutical Economics, B. Lindgren (ed.)(Stockholm, Sweden Swedish Institute for Health Economics and Liber Forlag, 1984). [Pg.335]

Class A Products agreed internationally to be therapeutically effective. Class B Second-line therapy, open to misuse, more expensive than similar products, or combination products with no advantage over monosubstances. Class C Drugs with no evidence of efficacy. Source Health Economics Centre, Cesav, Italy, reported in SCRIP (1993) 1860 4. Reproduced with permision horn PJB Publications Ltd, 2002. [Pg.731]

Scanlon E, Karlsmark T, Leaper DJ, Carter K, Poulsen PB, Hart-Hansen K and Hahn TW, Cost-effective faster wound heahng with a sustained silver-releasing foam dressing in delayed healing leg ulcers - a health-economic analysis . International Wound Journal, 2 (2), 2005, pp 150-160. [Pg.827]

J. D. Greer and B. Rhomberg, CEH Marketing Research Report, Animals Chemical Inputs for Nutrition and Health—Overview, Chemical Economics Handbook-SRI International, Palo Alto, CA 1995, 201.8001A-B, Aug. 22, 1996. [Pg.35]

The simplest economic theories assume— somewhat unrealistically—that markets work sufficiendy well to ensure that society s scarce resources are allocated efficiendy. Of course, few markets are as well-behaved as in the elementary textbook, but nevertheless market forces can often be relied upon to allocate goods and services reasonably well between competing demands. If this is the case, then the need for economic evaluation of the costs and outcomes flowing from alternative uses of scarce resources is lessened. Mental health-care services in Britain are purchased and provided within internal markets (quasi-markets) within the state sector (mainly), and these muted market forces have clearly had some influence over allocations. Market forces have a more overt role in countries such as the USA, strongly influencing who obtains what service and at what cost to different parties. However, it is difficult to imagine circumstances in which techniques such as... [Pg.7]

To be useful to those concerned with choices in the allocation of health and social care resources, the data for economic evaluations need to be timely, relevant, credible and accurate (Davies, 1998). As a minimum, the costs associated with the interventions should be estimated from activity data, which quantify resources used, and price or unit cost data. Often evidence from well-controlled prospective trials with high internal validity is required to establish whether differences in economic end points are directly attributable to the interventions. However, the economic evaluations of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors estimated costs from retrospective analysis of available datasets Qonsson et al, 1999b), analysis of published literature (e.g. Stewart et al, 1998) and expert opinion (e.g. O Brien et al, 1999 Neumann et al, 1999). This means that it is not clear whether differences in costs were due to the anticholinesterase inhibitors or to other factors such as availability of services in different areas, the living situation of the patient, or disease severity. [Pg.84]

The eChemPortal is an effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in collaboration with the European Commission, the United States, Canada, lapan, the International Council of Chemical Associations, the Business and Industry Advisory Committee, the World Health Organization s International Program on Chemical Safety, the United Nations Environment Programme on Chemicals and environmental non-governmental organizations. [Pg.314]

Negative externalities arise when an action by an individual or a group implies harmful effects on others such as unintended dispersion of chemicals to land, air and water air pollution effects on health forest growth or fish reproduction. When negative externalities are generated they should be internalized into the market economy. By internalizing the externalities the economic value of environmental impacts are allocated to the pollution sources and included in the economics of the activities causing the problem. This would also allow for the market to function properly and thereby reach a socially optimal level of environmental impacts. [Pg.115]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.226 ]




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