Internal expected performance

The customer satisfaction measurement system must connect to the internal measures of a company and to external customer evaluations. To provide evidence, surveys can be performed to make possible a gap analysis (the gap is the difference between what the customer should experience and what the customer actually experiences). The data of actual-to-expected performance allow the application of advanced statistic techniques such as regression analysis to determine empirically the relative impact and/or importance of attributes and processes to customer satisfaction (the power of this technique and an example of its application are illustrated in Anton [1996]). To improve customer satisfaction, identifying the specific attributes and processing the most predictive of customer satisfaction decisions alxtut investment of resources will yield the greatest benefit. 

An organization s culture is translated into a system of expected performance. Management commitment or noncommitment to safety is an expression of the culture. All aspects of safety, favorable or unfavorable, derive from that commitment or noncommitment. When an organization s culture is less than adequate, it commonly occurs that the reality of the system of expected performance deviates from good operation procedures—deviates from an entity s own internally established standard operating procedures. 

In some cases, expected performance of dam can be assessed to either clearly safe or clearly unsafe, based on results of simple limit equilibrium stability analyses. In majority cases, however, dam performance is assessed from estimated ground deformations and strains. Ultimately, the expected ground deformations and the associated ground strains, either from a Newmark analysis or a nonlinear finite element analysis, should not exceed what the dam can safely withstand without catastrophic release of the reservoir water due to overtopping or internal... 

Recent improvements have been made to the RELAP5-3D computer code by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to facilitate modehng the closed-loop Brayton system. A compressor component is now available which can represent the expected performance maps of the compressor (Fisher et al., 2005). Also, the turbine component has been expanded to accept variable inlet irrecoverable loss factor and efficiency values to ensure the turbine performance follows the desired performance maps. This code change to the turbine component was completed internally at Bechtel Bettis, Inc. The tuibine component changes have been provided to the INL for incorporation into a future release of RELAP5-3D. 

Certain internal subcircuit performance characteristics can be determined only by testing the ROIC itself. The ADC is one of these subsystems. The ADC should be optimized for the expected signal swing coming from the unit cell and at the intended... 

Define the system to be analyzed. A System Design Document should provide a complete system definition, which includes identification of internal and interface functions, expected performance at all system and subsystem indenture levels, system restraints, failure definitions, operational tasks, environmental profiles, equipment utilization, and the functions and outputs of each item. 

This available value of NPSHa (of the system) must always be greater b) a minimum of two feet and preferably three or more feet than the required NPSH stated by the pump manufacturer or shown on the pump curves in order to overcome the pump s internal hydraulic loss and the point of lowest pressure in the eye of the impeller. The NPSH required by the pump is a function of the physical dimensions of casing, speed, specific speed, and type of impeller, and must be satisfied for proper pump performance. The pump manufacturer must ahvays be given complete Suction conditions if he is to be expected to recommend a pump to give long and trouble-free service. 

A 2-ft tower would be expected to perform satisfactorily with properly designed trays. However, a 2.5-ft tower is the minimum diameter suitable for internal inspection and maintenance. The cost of a tray tower of 2.5-ft has been found to be no more, and from some bids 5 percent less, than the smaller 2-ft. tower. A 2-ft. tower would either be used with packing or with trays inserted from the top on rods with spacers. This would allow removal of the trays for inspection and maintenance. 

To validate the analytical procedure recovery experiments are performed. To this end, the CRM is spiked with a known mass of the analytes at a variety of concentration levels (at least three different levels) and the concentrations measured are compared to the expected concentrations in at least three separate experiments. The extraction step has been shown to be a critical step in the analytical procedure and it may be responsible for poor recoveries. The efficiency of this step can be assessed either by repetitive extraction of the sample or by the addition of internal standards prior to the extraction step with the assumption that the latter actually represent the behavior of the analytes of interest. 

In order to extrapolate laboratory animal results to humans, an interspecies dose conversion must be performed. Animals such as rodents have different physical dimensions, rates of intake (ingestion or inhalation), and lifespans from humans, and therefore are expected to respond differently to a specified dose level of any chemical. Estimation of equivalent human doses is usually performed by scaling laboratory doses according to observable species differences. Unfortunately, detailed quantitative data on the comparative pharmacokinetics of animals and humans are nonexistent, so that scaling methods remain approximate. In carcinogenic risk extrapolation, it is commonly assumed that the rate of response for mammals is proportional to internal surface area... 

The proper mixing of the graphite with the Mn02 is critical for high rate performance. It is necessary to put work into the mix to uniformly coat the manganese dioxide particles with a thin layer of graphite. This provides a low resistance path from the manganese to the cell terminals to minimize the internal resistance of the cell. A similar effect can be expected if used in cathode formulations for Li-Ion cells. 

Vessels in which chemical reactions are conducted in the plant or laboratory are of various shapes and internal arrangements. The distribution of residence times in them of various reacting molecules or aggregates, the RTD, is a key datum for determining the performance of a reactor, either the expected conversion or the range in which the conversion must fall. How the RTD is measured or calculated and applied is the subject of this chapter. The main application of interest here is to find how nearly a particular vessel approaches some standard ideal behavior, or what its efficiency is. 

For one component to replace another, the replacement component need not work the same internally. However, the replacement component must provide at least the services that the environment expects of the original and must expect no more than the services the environment provides the original. The replacement must exhibit the same external behavior, including quality requirements such as performance and resource consumption. 

ISO 10993-3 (1993) sets forth clear guidance on testing requirements as summarized in Table 6.1. ICH (International Conference on Harmonization) guidance, shown in Table 6.2, has different but also clear requirements. They want to see an in vivo test conducted. While FDA has no clear guidelines, it expects that an appropriate adaptation of one of these two be performed. 

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