Diphenylene iodonium

Calcium oxalate monohydrate responsible for the formation of most kidney stones significantly increased mitochondrial superoxide production in renal epithelial cells [42], Recombinant human interleukin IL-(3 induced oxygen radical generation in alveolar epithelial cells, which was suppressed by mitochondrial inhibitors 4 -hydroxy-3 -methoxyacetophe-none and diphenylene iodonium [43]. Espositio et al. [44] found that mitochondrial oxygen radical formation depended on the expression of adenine nucleotide translocator Anti. Correspondingly, mitochondria from skeletal muscle, heart, and brain from the Antl-deficient mice sharply increased the production of hydrogen peroxide. 

Effects of the flavoprotein inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium sulfate, on ex vivo organic nitrate tolerance in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 293 (2000), p. 569-577... 

In most terrestrial plant-pathogen interactions a diphenylene-iodonium (DPI)-sensitive (O Donnell et al. 1993), membrane-located, and receptor-activated NADPH oxidase generates superoxide radicals (Levine et al. 1994 Doke and Miura 1995 Lamb and Dixon 1997 Bolwell et al. 1998), which eventually dis-mutate into H202 and 02 (Sutherland 1991). Apoplastic peroxidases (Bolwell et al. 1998 Martinez et al. 1998), as well as various oxidases such as oxalate oxidase (Zhang et al. 1995 Thordal-Christensen et al. 1997) or amine oxidase (Laurenzi et al. 2001 Rea et al. 2002), have also been identified as sources of ROS in higher plants. 

The molecular species responsible for luminol and lucigenin chemiluminescence are not fully defined. Clearly, luminol chemiluminescence requires the combined activities of both the NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase inhibitors of either enzyme (e.g. diphenylene iodonium for the oxidase and salicylhydroxamic acid for myeloperoxidase) completely prevent luminol... 

Duchenne muscular dystrophy dimethyl formamide 5,5-dimethyl-1 -pyrroline-1 -oxide deoxynucleic acid diphenylene iodonium endothelium-derived relaxing factor epidermal growth factor early growth phase response gene ethyleneglycol- bis- (p- aminoethyl)-N,N,N, N -tetraacetic acid... 

Doussiere, J., and P. V. Vignais. 1992. Diphenylene iodonium as an inhibitor of the NADPH oxidase complex of bovine neutrophils. Eactors controlling the inhibitory potency of... 

The observation that K+ currents recorded from NEB cells of OD mouse lung are insensitive to acute hypoxia (75) is at shght odds with data from H146 cells that suggest that human SCLC cells express a second, but conveiging, 02-sensing system (84). Thus, in the H-146 cell model maximal inhibitory concentrations of either of two structurally unrelated inhibitors of NADPH oxidase activity, diphenylene iodonium (DPI) and phenylarsine oxide (PAO), are unable to abolish completely the hypoxic depression of K+ currents (84). Whether the quantitative contributions of this oxidase versus an additional sensory pathway (which may be different in neonatal rabbit NEB cells and the human tumor cell model) are a result of species differences or cell type remains to be investigated. 

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