Polymer Interface

The dominant parameters for charge earner injection are the height of the potential barrier at the interface polymer/hole injection contact and the hole mobility of the polymer. 

We have little information on the way low molecular weight molecules and oligomers adsorb (19). Apparently below DP s of about 100 they lie flat on the surface for concentrations up to a monolayer of segments, then seem to form thicker islands of smectic or nematic structure. Ordered condensed mono, -di, -or multi-layers are primarily the arrangements of smaller, especially amphipa-tic molecules on liquid-liquid interfaces. Polymers are too large to adsorb, in the ordinary sense, on micelles but segments of linear polymers may act as nucleation centers for micelles of small molecules which probably is one of the mechanisms for the lipid-, or detergent-, polymer interaction. 

Wong M, Paramsothy M, Xu XJ, Ren Y, Li S, Liao K (2003). Physical interactions at carbon nanotube-polymer interface. Polymer 44 7757-7764. 

Hoh, K.P., Ishida, H. and Koenig, J.L. (1990). Silicon-29 solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of composite interfaces. Polym. Composites 11, 121 125. 

Liao, Y.T. (1989). A study of glass fiber-epoxy composite interfaces. Polym. Composites 16, 424-428. Maso, J.C. (1993). Interfaces in Cementitious Composites, E FN Spon, London New York. 

Keywords Amphiphilic monomers Interfaces Polymer catalysts ... 

Yoon TH, Arnold CA, McGrath JE (1989) Titanium 6/4 single lap shear adhesive performance of polyimide homopolymers and poly(siloxane imide) segmented copolymers. Mater Res Soc Symp Proc 153 (Interfaces Polym Met Ceram) 211... 

Henderson, J. A., Richards, R. W., Penfold, J., Shackelton, C. and Thomas, R. K. (1991). Neutron reflectometry from stereotactic poly (methylmethacrylate) monolayers spread at the air-water interface. Polymer 32 3284-3293. Hoogstraate, A. J., Verhoef, J., Brusse, J., Ijzerman, A. P, Spies, P. and Bodd6, H. E. (1991). Kinetics, ultrastructural aspects and molecular modelling of transder-mal peptide flux enhancement by A-alkylazacycloheptanones. Int. J. Pharm. 76 31-41. 

Chandy.T and Sharma CP, Plotdn-polymer interaction-Changes with plasma components, vitamins and antiplatelet drugs at the interface, Polym. PlasL Tech. Engg., 26,143-227 (1987). 

An interesting result obtained recently shows that the substrate employed may dictate the surface (polymer/solution) properties of even relatively thick polymers.39 For example, with polymers grown from dodecyl sulfate (DS)-containing electrolytes, the nature of the substrate used dictated the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of the conducting polymer-solution interface. Polymers grown on a carbon-foil substrate shown to be hydrophobic produced a more hydrophilic polymer surface. Finally, those grown on platinum, a more hydrophilic substrate, produce a more hydrophobic polymer. 

Surface science is an invisible yet exceedingly important branch of physics and organic chemistry that studies the behavior and characteristics of molecules at or near the surface or interface. The interface can be between solids, liquids, gases, and combinations of these states. Sophisticated apparatus have been developed to identify and quantify surfaces and interfaces. Polymer surfaces are of special interest in industrial and biological applications examples of the latter include dental implants and body part prosthetic devices. Modification of surfaces of these devices allows formation of controlled interfaces to achieve characteristics such as bondability and compatibility. 

It is important to recognize that plasma polymers are ideal "interface polymers" rather than "bulk polymers" and that the wear of polymeric materials often begins at the interface of the polymer-surrounding medium. Therefore, it is advisable to examine first the characteristics of these ideal "interface polymers" and to seek uses for them that are most appropriate. 

Evaluation. For screening stabilities at Interfaces, polymer/mirror samples were exposed in an Atlas Weather-Ometer at 70°C and 50% relative humidity, using continuous radiation... 

I.V. Tsarenko and A.V. Makarevich. A structural model of polymer complex with protective property formed on corrosive liquid/steel interface. Polymer-Solid Interfaces From Model to Real Systems Proc. of the 2-nd Int. Conf, Namur, Belgium, 1996, pp. 467-482. 

To improve the performance of low temperature fuel cell systems, effort has been devoted to improving the kinetics of oxygen reduction on platinum at solid polymer electrolyte interfaces. Polymer electrolyte materials, including polyperfluorosulfonic acid polymers such as Nafion -H, have been Incorporated... 

D. Day and H. Ringsdorf, Polymerization of diacetylene carbonic acid monolayers at the gas-water interface, /. Polymer ScL 16 205 (1978). 

J. FI. Jang and W. L. Mattice, Time scales for three processes in the interdiffiision across interfaces. Polymer 40 1911 (1999). 

L. E. Smith and R. S. Stromberg, Polymers at Liquid-Solid Interfaces, Loughborough, 1975. E. Killmann, J. Eisenlauer, and M. Korn, The adsorption of macromolecules on solid/liquid interfaces, Polym. Symp. 61, 413 (1978). 

---