Materials science research interfaces

Fischmeister, H. F. (1987). Progress in the understanding of ceramic microstructures and interfaces since 1976. In Ceramic Microstructures 86 Role of Interfaces. Materials Science Research Series, Vol. 21. Eds J. A. Pask and A. G. Evans. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1-14. 

A large fraction of the material science research, and an important chapter of solid state physics are concerned with interfaces between solids, or between a solid and a two dimensional layer. Solid state electronics is based on metal-semiconductor and insulator-semiconductor junctions, but the recent developments bring the interface problem to an even bigger importance since band gap engineering is based on the stacking of quasi two dimensional semiconductor layers (quantum wells, one dimensional channels for charge transport). 

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modem chemical research. The scope includes all areas of chemical science, including the interfaces with related disciphnes such as biology, medicine, and materials science. 

Kohei Uosaki received his B.Eng. and M.Eng. degrees from Osaka University and his Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from flinders University of South Australia. He vas a Research Chemist at Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co. Ltd. from 1971 to 1978 and a Research Officer at Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, U.K. bet veen 1978 and 1980 before joining Hokkaido University in 1980 as Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry. He vas promoted to Associate Professor in 1981 and Professor in 1990. He is also a Principal Investigator of International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) Satellite, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) since 2008. His scientific interests include photoelectrochemistry of semiconductor electrodes, surface electrochemistry of single crystalline metal electrodes, electrocatalysis, modification of solid surfaces by molecular layers, and non-linear optical spectroscopy at interfaces. 

Ideal as an accessible reference and guide to investigations at the interface of chemistry with subjects such as materials science, engineering, biology, physics and electronics for professionals and researchers in academia and industry. 

The development of scientific procedures that are able to use very minute samples (a few micrograms), together with the increased availability of advanced analytical instrumentation, have led to great interest in the chemical study of materials used in cultural heritage. This has given rise to a sharp increase in research studies at the interface between art, archaeology, chemistry and the material sciences. As a result, successful multidisciplinary collaborations have flourished among researchers in museums, conservation institutions, universities and scientific laboratories. 

Abstract The past two decades have profoundly changed the view that we have of elemental carbon. The discovery of the fullerenes, spherically-shaped carbon molecules, has permanently altered the dogma that carbon can only exist in its two stable natural allotropes, graphite and diamond. The preparation of molecular and polymeric acetylenic carbon allotropes, as well as carbon-rich nanometer-sized structures, has opened up new avenues in fundamental and technological research at the interface of chemistry and the materials sciences. This article outlines some fascinating perspectives for the organic synthesis of carbon allotropes and their chemistry. Cyclo[n]carbons are the first rationally designed molecular carbon allotropes, and... 

Nevertheless, recent advances in research in this multi-disciplinary field have not yet been collected together. While there are plenty of reference books available on composite materials in general, few of them are devoted specifically to composite interface science and mechanics. It is hoped that this book adds to the research effort by bringing recent developments in the field together in one convenient single volume. It is intended to create a comprehensive reference work from both the materials science and mechanics perspectives. 

The study and application of composite materials are a truly interdisciplinary endeavor that has been enriched by contributions from chemistry, physics, materials science, mechanics and manufacturing engineering. The understanding of the interface (or interphase) in composites is the central point of this interdisciplinary effort. From the early development of composite materials of various nature, the optimization of the interface has been of major importance. While there are many reference books available on composite materials, few of them deal specifically with the science and mechanics of the interface of fiber reinforced composites. Further, many recent advances devoted solely to research in composite interfaces are scattered in different published literature and have yet to be assembled in a readily accessible form. To this end this book is an attempt to bring together recent developments in the field, both from the materials science and mechanics perspective, in a single convenient volume. 

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