Central point

Figure 5 The modification of intensity of one of the central points of the hole images vs. the distance between the plane of discontinuities and the plane of the holograph...

One drawback is that, as a result of the time-dependent potential due to the LHA, the energy is not conserved. Approaches to correct for this approximation, which is valid when the Gaussian wavepacket is narrow with respect to the width of the potential, include that of Coalson and Karplus [149], who use a variational principle to derive the equations of motion. This results in replacing the function values and derivatives at the central point, V, V, and V" in Eq. (41), by values averaged over the wavepacket. 

The bulk stmcture of the catalyticaHy active phase is not completely known and is under debate in the Hterature (125,131—133). The central point of controversy is whether (Valone or in combination with other phases is the most catalyticaHy active for the conversion of butane to maleic anhydride. The heart of this issue concerns the role of stmctural disorder in the bulk and how it arises in the catalyst (125,134,135). Most researchers agree that the catalysts with the highest activity and selectivity ate composed mainly of (Vthat exhibits a clustered or distorted platelet morphology (125). It is also generaHy acknowledged that during operation of the catalyst, the bulk oxidation state of the vanadium in the catalyst remains very close to the +4 valence state (125). 

Opposed Jet Mills. These mills are, in some ways, similar to the fluidized-bed machine however, in this case two opposed nozzles accelerate particles, causing them to collide at a central point (Fig. 16). A turbine classifier is again used to separate the product that has achieved the desired fineness from that which must be internally recycled for further grinding. 

Fig. 8. The 1931 CIE chromaticity diagram showing wavelengths in nm and energies in eV. The central point W (for white) corresponds to standard...

FIG. 14-61 Liq uid distribution in a 6-in column packed with 1/4-in broken-stone packing. Increments of radius represent equal-annual-area segments of tower cross section. Central-point inlet. Water rate = 500 lb/(b-fr). Air rate = 810 lb/(b-ft ). To convert pounds per bour-square foot to kilograms per second-square meter, multiply by 0.00L356 to convert inches to centimeters, multiply by 2.54. (Data from Baker, Chilton, and Vernon, in Shetxuood and Pigford, Absorption and Extraction, 2d ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1952. )... 

Equation (10-2) is true only for pipelines of relatively short lengths since otherwise the longitudinal resistance will be noticeable at longer distances. Thus in Eq. (10-2) / E will approach Z, not zero, for a long length. Here Z denotes the characteristic resistance defined in Eq. (24-66). Z is therefore the minimum grounding resistance for the case where current is fed at one end of the pipeline. This quantity is reduced by half for current fed in at a central point on the pipe. It follows from Eq. (24-66)... 

Acts as a central point from which the existence and whereabouts of international chemical information can be obtained. 

Mittel-ol, n. middle oil medium-heavy oil. -ost, m. Middle East, -produkt, n. middle product intermediate middlings, -punkt, m. center, central point, mittels, prep, by means of,... 

The substation provides a monitoring point for system operating parameters. The power system is a highly complex and sensitive conglomeration of parts that must all be coordinated to function properly. For this reason, the operating conditions must be veiy closely obsci vcd and controlled. This is done by using specialized sensors to acquire the intormation and then cominunication systems to convey the information to a central point. For immediate response to system faults (such as damaged conduc-... 

When looking for the velocities of points on a rigid body, the method of instantaneous centers can often be used. If the velocity of two points on the body are known, those points and all other points on the body can be considered to be rotating with the same angular velocity about some motionless central point. This central point is called the instantaneous center of zero velocity. The instantaneous center generally moves through space as a function of time and has acceleration. It does not represent a point about which acceleration may be determined. 

In many applications, especially where process plant is concerned, the measurement information is required to be conveyed to a central point, which may be a control room manned by operators or a computer which carries out the control functions automatically. The connecting link between the various measurement points and the central control is usually a telemetry system, although in some cases the distances involved are so large that radio links need to be used. 

More developed principals of classification were formulated in [278]. The central point of the classification can be formulated as follows ... 

Theorem I. (Moutier, 1876).—If an isotherm T + dT is drawn to cut the three curves of transition (or their prolongations ) meeting at a triple point, the central point of section corresponds with the transition which involves the greatest change of volume, or, the latter curve of transition lies between the other two. 

The latter, used to investigate the cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers, is the subject of the presented article. The central point is not to collect all quantum chemical calculations carried out but to interprete some of this calculations in a reaction theoretical manner. 

The central point, then, is that tiny ligand-field splittings and normal sized nephelauxetic effects in lanthanoid spectra are not at all contradictory. The one reveals the isolation of the/shell, the other attests to the normality of the metal-ligand bonding. 

The on-line principle has also been extended into the field of detection (Fig. 8). Thus, it is now possible to record FTIR [27-31] and Raman spectra in situ [32, 33], and there have been considerable advances in the on-line coupling of thin-layer chromatography with mass spectrometry. Here it has been, above all, the research groups of Wilson [34-36] and Busch [37-40] that have made the necessary instrumental and methodological advances, so that TLC must no longer be viewed as merely a clean-up method. Rather it forms the essential central point for all these on-line coupling techniques. 

This approximation is called a forward difference since it involves the forward point, z + Az, as well as the central point, z. (See Appendix 8.2 for a discussion of finite difference approximations.) Equation (8.16) is the simplest finite difference approximation for a first derivative. 

It is important that you can see what this drawing represents, because we cannot move forward until you see it very clearly. We are essentially looking at a carbon-carbon bond, focusing on the three groups attached to each carbon atom. The central point in our Newman projection (where the lines to the Cl, F, and Me meet each other) is the first carbon. The big circle in the back is our back carbon. All at once... 

In the sixteenth century it was possible to understand the universe by means of anatomy. Plato in the Timaens had stated that the body of the Cosmos was harmonised by proportion and brought into existence. At its central point was man, consisting of body and soul, material and immaterial substance. The higher soul consisted of mind and reason, the former shared with the Divine Intellect, although... 

The first—and central— point in this discussion concerns the pulsed X-ray source. The shortest time scales involved when chemical bonds are formed or broken are of the order of a few femtoseconds. An ideal X-ray source should thus be capable of providing pulses of this duration. Unfortunately, generating them represents a heavy technological problem. The best one can do at present is to use a pulsed synchrotron X-ray source (Fig. 2). Electrons are rapidly circulating in its storage ring at speeds close to the speed of light. X-rays are spontaneously... 

A carboxylate derivative of a fully aromatic, water-soluble, hyperbranched polyphenylene is considered as a unimolecular micelle due to its ability to complex and solubilize non-polar guest molecules [23]. The carboxylic acid derivative of hyperbranched polyphenylene polymer (HBP) (My,=5750-7077, Mn=3810-3910) consists of 40-60 phenyl units that branch outward from a central point forming a roughly spherical molecule with carboxylates on the outer surface. The free acid form of HBP was suspended in distilled water and dissolved by adding a minimum quantity of NaOH. The solution was adjusted to pH 6.2 with aqueous HCl. Calcium carbonate crystals were growth from supersaturated calcium hydrogencarbonate solution at room temperature. HBP gave... 

In a radial maze a number of arms of equal length radiate from a central point, where the animal is placed. Initially food is placed at the end of each arm and the rat is expected to learn that fact by exploring and entering each arm. The test of memory is to see whether on re-exposure to the maze the rat remembers only to enter an arm not previously visited and so still containing food. 

Electrochemistry was at the sonrce of the cold-fusion boom, bnt then at hrst sight seemed to stand aside. However, as a matter of fact, the central point in the experiments concerning electrolysis at palladium has been a phenomenon which now is investigated more vigoronsly and persistently electrochemical intercalation. 

Macula An oval, yellow-pigmented area on the central retina containing color-sensitive rods and the central point of sharpest vision. 

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