Instron Universal Testing machine

Texture measurements Texture of canned carrots was measured using Instron Universal Testing Machine (Model 1011) fitted with Kramer shear cell. Thirty grams of drained carrot cubes were evenly placed in the Kramer shear cell and were compressed, sheared and extruded using a crosshead speed of 100 mm/min. Each measurement was repeated 10 times and the mean was used to express the firmness of carrot cubes in Newton(N). 

The mechanical properties (compression strength and % compression) are determined by Instron Universal Testing Machine using a pellet of 20mm x 20mm pressed at a pressure of 1000kgcnf2 similar to the method used for plastics [68]. 

Figure 2. Tensile strength measurement with the Instron Universal Testing machine...

Experiments were conducted to test some features of spring vs. summer wood and the relative growth rate of stave wood. Sections of barrel staves of American and French origin were tested in an Instron universal testing machine for the force necessary to cause the wood to yield under pressure of a blunt point 0.5 mm in diameter. The force necessary in the summer wood in the same radial direction as fluid would... 

Set an Instron Universal Testing Machine to compress the specimen twice, compressing each time to 50% of its original height. 

The instrumental TPA was developed by a group at the General Foods Corporation Technical Center (Szczesniak and Kleyn, 1963). The parameters obtained from the resulting forcetime curve correlate well with sensory evaluations of the same parameters (Friedman et al., 1963). Later, the Instron Universal Testing Machine was adapted to perform a modified TPA (Bourne, 1968, 1974). A typical Instron TPA curve is shown in Figure H2.3.1. 

Figure H2.3.1 A generalized texture profile analysis curve from the Instron Universal Testing Machine. A1, area 1 A2, area 2 A3, area 3. The dotted lines indicate the times at which hardness is measured. See text for further discussion. Reprinted from Pons and Fiszman (1996) with permission from Food and Nutrition Press.

To determine the wet bond strength coated panels were immersed in distilled water for 1500 h, removed and discs 25.4 mm in diameter stamped from them. The surfaces were wiped with a dry tissue and bonded between two cylindrical test pieces using a polyamide cured epoxide adhesive and immediately placed in a sealed container at 100% RH for the adhesive to cure. After 16 h the specimens were broken on an Instron Universal Test Machine with minimum delay. Recovered values were measured after the panels had dried out at room temperature and humidity for 7 days. Clearly, it is unlikely that the values reported represent the minimum bond strengths, as some drying out is almost inevitable, but the values are directly comparable. 

The effect of silanes on the bond strength of two epoxide adhesives to glass is shown in Table 13. The test mode was that of Sandwich Butt Tensile in which a glass disc was bonded between two aluminium specimens in the form of a sandwich, and the resulting composite specimen broken on an Instron Universal Test Machine. Clearly in such a composite test specimen, alignment is important and there are many potential sites and modes of failure. 

Sharma, F. and Sherman, P. (1973). Evaluation of some textural properties of foods with the Instron Universal Testing Machine. J. Texture Studies 4, 344-352. 

An Instron Universal Testing Machine Model TM-SM was used to carry out the stress—strain measurements. An environmental chamber, equipped with a Missimers PITC temperature controller, was used in providing constant temperatures to 0.5°C. Samples were of the approximate dimensions of 5.0 X 0.5 X 0.1 cm3. To prevent slippage from the Instron clamps, special aluminum tabs were glued to the ends of the samples. 

Consistency of fats is commonly determined with the cone penetrometer, as specified in the Official and Tentative Methods of the American Oil Chemists Society (Method Cc 16-60). Other methods that have frequently been employed involve extrusion they include the extrusion attachment to the shear press (Vasic and deMan 1967), an extrusion rheometer used with the Instron universal testing machine (Scherr and Witt-nauer 1967), and the FIRA-NIRD extruder (Prentice 1954). 

Procedures. The specimens were tested in an Instron Universal testing machine at 0°, 23°, 50°, and 75°C and at crosshead extension rates of 0.02, 0.2, 2.0, and 10.0 inches/min. Clip-on strain gage extenso-meters were used to record sample strain, and testing was done in an environmental chamber capable of maintaining the selected temperature to within 0.5°C. All samples were soaked at temperature for at least 30 min before testing. 

An Instron Universal Testing Machine (model 4465) was used to measure the mechanical properties of the starch-based films. Samples prepared had a width of 10 mm with initial length (grip separation) of 100 mm. A crosshead speed of 100 mm min was used. Films were stored at a relative humidity of 33, 54, and 76% for 7 days before measurements. 

The compressive stress-strain measurements are performed in an Instron Universal Test Machine. Pad specimens (Figure 1) are loaded to the bottomed deflection (Figure 2) at 1.1 in. and unloaded without pause. A cross-head rate of 2.0 in./min which is sufficiently slow as to give essentially a static loading condition is employed. Compressive stress data are reported for deflections of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 in. 

Texture has been used as an index of fruit and vegetable quality grades in both the fresh and processed segments of the markets. Devices for measuring the textural properties include the Magness-Taylor firmness meter, that is used primarily for fresh fruit, and the Kramer Shear Press and the Instron Universal Testing Machine, which are used for all forms of products Q). 

Instron Universal Testing Machine 4301 Black pepper... 

Instron Universal Testing Machine 4200 Lactose Sucrose Modified cornstarch Butter-oil single and double encapsulated in lactose, sucrose, and modified cornstarch... 

Instron. The Instron Universal Testing Machine can be used In compression and tension experiments where the force on a load cell Is measured while moving the cross head a given distance or time. 

In order to assess texture, we have employed a back extrusion cell accessory on an Instron Universal Testing Machine. The cell,... 

FIG. 8—Schematic of a typical geometry for DCB adhesive joint fracture specimens (shown with adherends of equal thickness) that was analyzed and experimentally tested. The forces (P) were applied by an Instron Universal Testing Machine. 

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