Inorganic oxide-modified carbon

In this paper we briefly review the important aspects of carbon molecular sieve materials with special emphasis on their use in catalysis, and our most recent results with composite structures that we have termed inorganic oxide-modified carbon molecular sieves (IOM-CMS). The literature on carbon molecular sieves, particularly patents, is large and growing, with European and Japanese researchers dominating in recent years. 

The most common nanofUlers are inorganic oxides and carbon based nanofUlers with different geometries. We will concentrate on the Si02 nanoparticle and multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) here. Both types of fillers exhibit rather poor compatibility with the hydrophobic LCER, so they have to be chemically modified with appropriate chemical functionality for LCER. The chemical functimiality on the nanofiller can bond with the resin either by van der Waal forces or chemical bonds. The former is called heterogeneous nanocomposite and the latter is called homogeneous nanocomposite. 

Gas compressibility correction factor (GC) 4 Gas purifier 233, 764 Gas-solid chromatography 199 carbosieves 204 glassy carbon 204 graphitlzed carbon blacks 202 modifiers 204 inorganic oxide adsorbents 200... 

The Type III IOM-CMS materials were prepared by modifying the surface of a porous carbon with an inorganic oxide, combining this with polyfurfuryl alcohol, and pyrolyzing the mixture. Each of the examples described below were chosen to... 

A recent development was to prepare carbon based molecular sieves which are funcionalized with inorganic oxides and supported metals. The main objective is to combine the molecular sieving properties of the carbon with surface chemical and physical properties of the inorganic oxides in one composite structure. Sharma and Seshan [9] reported copper modified CMS for the selective removal of oxygen at temperatures below 200 C. At higher temperatures, oxygen can be reversible adsorbed only if present in trace amounts. 

Gershey et al. [58] have pointed out that persulfate and photo-oxidation procedures will determine only that portion of the volatile organics not lost during the removal of inorganic carbonate [30,79,92,181]. Loss of the volatile fraction may be reduced by use of a modified decarbonation procedure such as one based on diffusion [98]. Dry combustion techniques that use freeze-drying or evaporation will result in the complete loss of the volatile fraction [72,79, 92,93],... 

The electroreduction of some typically inorganic compoimds such as nitrogen oxides is catalysed by the presence of polymeric osmium complexes such as [Os(bipy)2(PVP)2oCl]Cl, where bipy denotes 2,2 -bipyridyl and PVP poly(4-vinylpyridine). This polymer modifies the reduction kinetics of nitrite relative to the reaction at a bare carbon electrode, and provides calibration graphs of slope 0.197 nA with detection limits of 0.1 pg/mL and excellent short-term reproducibility (RSD = 2.15% for n = 20). The sensor performance was found to scarcely change after 3 weeks of use in a flow system into which 240 standards and 30 meat extracts were injected [195]. 

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