Inner-city communities

Detailed The two most important reasons for my decision to apply to XYZ University are its relationship to its inner city community and the quality of the teaching staff in the Economics Department. 

Detroit, Ml, African-American children from the inner city, community exposures... 

This section draws upon Donaldson, R. Contesting the proposed rapid rail link in Gauteng. Urban Forum, 16 ), 55-62 Donaldson, R., Williams, A. (2005). A stmggle of an inner city community to protect its historical environment. The case of Qydesdale in Pretoria New Contree, 49, 165-180 and, Donaldson, R. (2006). Mass rapid rail development in South Africa s metropolitan core towards a new urban form Land Use Policy, 23, 344-352. 

Melia RJW, Chinn S, Rona RJ. 1990. Short communication Indoor levels of NOj associated with gas cookers and kerosene heaters in inner city areas of England. Atmos Environ 24B(1) 177-180. 

Thirty years ago, I was a plant superintendent. I ran the methyl methacrylate plant in Memphis, Tennessee, for DuPont. It was a time when the farm community furnished most of the workers, most of the wage roll in the plant, and things were changing. We were beginning to get workers from the inner city, primarily having high school degrees. 

The inability of many U.S. municipal authorities to effectively govern inner cities has prompted attempts to bring back the "cop on the beat in the form of community policing. The purpose of community policing is to create a cadre of local police who are intimately familiar with the physical layout of the community and especially the local population, whose assistance is now judged vital to effective police work. Its aim is to turn officials who had come to be seen as outsiders into insiders. 

These factors include the ethnic and socioeconomic characteristics of populations as well as the structure and history of communities that must deal with risk concerns. For example, a company town may react quite differently than a rural agricultural village or an inner-city neighborhood to information about risk from an environmental chemical. 

Rifai N, Cohen G, Wolf M, Cohen L, Faser C, Savory J, et al. Incidence of lead poisoning in young children from inner-city, suburban, and rural communities. Ther Drug Monit 1993 15 71-4. 

The need for effective exhaust gas regulations arose on both sides of the Atlantic in the late 60 s. This caused the European Community to adopt its Directive 70/220/EEC in 1970. In content, it is equivalent to ECE Regulation 15. Like the American approach the European provisions limited emissions only of carbon monoxide (CO) and unbumt hydrocarbons (HC) for health-policy reasons, or more precisely because of their effects on the quality of the air ingested in large conurbations. Dynamic methods of measurements which were representative of the type of operation which vehicles were subjected to in inner city areas were devised to back-up the relevant approval tests. 

Butz AM, Malveaux FJ, Eggleston P, Thompson L, Schneider S, Weeks K, Huss K, Murigande C, Rand CS. Use of community health workers with inner-city children who have asthma. Clin Pediatr 1994 33 135-141. 

Security — Does your company avoid picking up and delivering in high-crime, inner-city areas Do you have cell phones in the trucks or other highspeed truck-to-terminal communication These points may be particularly important to female drivers. 

Ernhart et al. (1987) examined low SES inner-city Cleveland children (A = 285) having urban community Pb exposures. A complication here is that 50% of the mothers had alcohol abuse histories. Testing instruments included Bayley Scales at 6 months, 1 and 2 years, the Kent Infant... 

Urban = inner-city and other urban locales impacted by paint Pb. Extractive industry = western U.S. mining, milling, smelting communities. Either cross-sectional or longitudinal designs employed. 

At its worst, arson can lead to loss of life and significant financial consequences as in the case of any fire, but persistent and pervasive minor arson attacks also establish a strongly detrimental (and visually harmful) tone to deprived areas and communities. In some areas, arson now accounts for 70% of all fires, rising to a staggering 82% of fires in certain inner city localities. 

Armhruster, R, Lichtman, J. (1099). Are school-hased mental health services effective Evidence firam 36 inner city schools. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 493-504. 

McKay, M. M McCadam, K., Gonzales, J. (1996). Addressing the barriers to mental health services for inner city children and their caretakers. Community Mental Health Journal, 32 A], 353-361. 

The effects of community violence on parents may also mediate the impact of community violence on children. Violence and poverty affect parents ability to monitor and discipline their children consistently and to provide needed support and nurturance (Gorman-Smith et al., 2000). Inner-city children s exposure to violence predicted increases in aggression and depression at a 1-year follow-up, even after controlling for prior levels of these problems (Gorman-Smith Tolan, 1998). However, family support moderated the effect of community violence, such that in families with high levels of parent-child conflict, high-witnessed violence had no additional influence on antisocial outcome (Miller et al., 1999). 

Gorman-Smith, D., Tolan, P H. (1998). The role of exposure to community violence and developmental problems among inner-city youth. Development Psychopathology, 10,101-116. 

Because sustainability is fundamentally a systems analysis, in which social aspects are equally important to engineering solutions, it is critical that the stakeholder community become involved in the selection of choices to deliver a desired service. If one needs a transportation solution in a community without cars, delivering a fueling station will provide no value. Delivering workforce training via the Internet to an inner city neighborhood in which people do not have access to a computer cannot be effective. One must understand the resources of the stakeholders, and their cultural limitations, in order to provide a solution of value. 

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