Indoleacetic acid in plants

There is evidence that both these routes can occur. The enzymes converting tryptophan to indoleacetic acid can be obtained in maize embryo juice the tryptophan is thought to arise from the endosperm (964). Indolepyruvic acid is also present in maize endosperm (837, 838), suggesting it to be an intermediate. On the other hand, tryptamine is converted to indoleacetic acid in plants (304, 815) and the amine oxidase responsible has been studied by Kenten and Mann (464). Consideration of the biogenesis of alkaloids, discussed later, suggests that both tryptamine and indoleacetaldehyde are likely to occur in plants. [Pg.114]

The multibranched shikimic acid pathway provides the intermediates for the synthesis of the three amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan in microorganisms and plants. In plants, these three amino acids are precursors for a variety of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, lignin precursors, indole derivatives and numerous phenolic compounds (Fig. 1). The role of the aromatic amino acids in protein synthesis is well known as is the role of indoleacetic acid in plant development however, the function of the various secondary products is much less clear. Various physiological roles have been proposed including pest resistance, chromagens in flowers and fruits, and precursors for the structural component, lignin. [Pg.147]

Investigations of indolic auxin metabolism in plants have centered about attempts to understand plant growth regulation. As a consequence, factors which limit the concentration of indoleacetic acid in plant tissue have received the most attention. These include its S3mthesis, its catabolism, and its removal from the site of action by other means. This will also provide a convenient division for discussion here. Full reference to the original work has been provided elsewhere. ... [Pg.124]

Other studies of the fate of indoleacetic acid in plant tissues have concentrated on non-oxidized products. It has been shown that indoleacetic acid can readily be esterified to its ethyl ester (XXIII) by plant enzymes, and there is some evidence this that is a naturally occurring substance. Similarly, when indoleacetic acid is applied to plant tissue it is rapidly conjugated into indoleacetamide (XVIII) and indoleacetylaspartic acid (XXII). The details of this process have been extensively studied by Andreae and his coworkersi, but the nature of the enzymes involved remains unclarified. AU three of these compounds can produce auxin effects when applied to tissue, hence they can act as indoleacetic acid precursors. However, the kinetics of the reactions which form them appear to favor the conjugated substances and they are more correctly considered as products rather than precursors of... [Pg.128]

Faber E-R (1936) Wuchsstoffversuche an Keimwurzeln. Jahrb Wiss Bot 83 439-469 Fang SC, Butts JS (1957) Studies on carboxyl- " C-labelled 3-indoleacetic acid in plants. Plant Physiol 32 253-259... [Pg.131]

Raven JA (1975) Transport of indoleacetic acid in plant cells in relation to pH and electrical potential gradients, and its significance for polar lAA transport. New Phytol 74 163-172... [Pg.142]

Patten CL, BR Glick (2002) Role of Pseudomonas putida indoleacetic acid in development of the host plant root system. Appl Environ Microbiol 68 3795-3801. [Pg.617]

Tryptophan has been clearly established as the precursor of indoleacetic acids in both plants (e.g., 303, 921, 922) and fungi (e.g., 864), and in plant tumor tissue (e.g., 378, 948). Two routes are possible for indoleacetic acid formation from tryptophan as follows ... [Pg.114]

Lund, H. A. The biosynthesis of indoleacetic acid in the styles and ovaries of tobacco preliminary to the setting of the fruit Plant Physiol. 31 (1956) 334-339. [Pg.1357]

Sequeira, L. Origin of indoleacetic acid in tobacco plants infected by Psuedontonas solanacearum. Phytopathology 55 (1965) 1232-1236. [Pg.1449]

The inhibitory effects of deuterium on the cellular level were not reversed by gibberellic acid, naphthalene-acetic acid or indoleacetic acid. In some instances the inhibitory effects on growth were even greater than that attributable to the D2O in the nutrient. It is interesting to note that maleic hydra-zide, usually considered to be a plant growth inhibitor, actually stimulated the growth of peppermint cultured in deuterated media. [Pg.190]

In animals hormones are produced either in special glands (cf. Table 64) or are formed in tissues in which the production of hormones is a biochemical side activity only (so-called tissue hormones). In plants and microorganisms, special hormone-producing glands are absent, but also in plants hormone synthesis is unequal in the different types of cells. Cytokinins, for instance, are produced predominantly in roots and 3-indoleacetic acid in apical meristems. [Pg.498]

A problem of long standing concerns the absorption or release of indoleacetic acid from plant proteins. This is not easily studied at physiological concentrations, and there is some question whether the release of bound auxin from proteins by various means parallels in any way natural processes. Similarly, the details of the binding process are not yet known. [Pg.129]

Hemberg T, Larsson U (1972) Interaction of kinetin and indoleacetic acid in the Avena straight-growth test. Physiol Plant 26 104-107 Henson IE, Wareing PF (1974) Cytokinins in Xanthium strumarium A rapid response to short-day treatment. Physiol Plant 32 185-187 Hewett EW, Wareing PF (1973) Cytokinins in Populus x robusta (Schneid) Light effects on endogenous levels. Planta 114 119-129... [Pg.68]

Morris DA, Briant RE, Thomson PG (1969) The transport and metabolism of relabelled indoleacetic acid in intact pea seedlings. Planta 89 178-197 Muir RM, Chang KD (1974) Effect of red light on coleoptile growth. Plant Physiol 54 286-288... [Pg.73]

Barry AJ (1971) The effect of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid on the transport and metabolism of indoleacetic acid in intact pea seedlings. B Sc Diss, Univ Southampton Basler E (1974) Abscisic acid and gibberellic acid as factors in the translocation of auxin. Plant Cell Physiol 15 351-361... [Pg.127]

Bonnemain JL, Bourbouloux A (1973) The transport and metabolism of C-indoleacetic acid in intact plants. Proc Res Inst Pom Skierniewice Pol Ser E Conf Symp 3 207-214 Bonnett HT Jr, Torrey JG (1965 a) Auxin transport in Convolvulus roots cultured in vitro. Plant Physiol 40 813-818... [Pg.128]

Ching TM, Fang SC (1958) The redistribution of radioactivity in geotropically stimulated plants pretreated with radioactive indoleacetic acid. Physiol Plant 11 722-727 Cholodny N (1924) Uber die hormonale Wirkung der Organspitze bei der geotropischen Kriimmung. Ber Dtsch Bot Ges 42 536-562... [Pg.129]

Christie AE, Leopold AC (1965 a) On the manner of triiodobenzoic acid inhibition of auxin transport. Plant Cell Physiol 6 337-345 Christie AE, Leopold AC (1965 b) Entry and exit of indoleacetic acid in corn coleoptiles. Plant Cell Physiol 6 453-465... [Pg.129]

Cordes W (1966) Translocation of " C-labelled indoleacetic acid in Coleus stems, as influenced by humidity. Plant Cell Physiol 7 183-184 Couillerot J-P, Bonnemain J-L (1975) Transport et devenir des molecules marquees apres I application d acide gibberellique- C sur les jeunes feuilles de tomate. CR Acad Sci Paris Ser D 280 1453-1454... [Pg.130]

I. In excised tissues and intact dwarf and normal plants. Plant Physiol 55 620-625 Davies PJ (1973) The uptake and fractional distribution of differentially labeled indoleacetic acid in light grown stems. Physiol Plant 28 95-100 Davies PJ (1974) The uptake and elution of indoleacetic acid by pea stem sections in relation to auxin induced growth. In Plant growth substances 1973. Hirokawa, Tokyo, pp 767-779... [Pg.130]

Gillespie B, Thimann KV (1963) Transport and distribution of auxin during tropistic response. I. The lateral migration of auxin in geotropism. Plant Physiol 38 214-225 Goldsmith MHM (1959) Characteristics of the translocation of indoleacetic acid in the coleoptile of Avena. PhD Thesis, Radcliffe Coll, Cambridge, Mass Goldsmith MHM (1966 a) Movement of indoleacetic acid in coleoptiles of Avena sativa L. II. Suspension of polarity by total inhibition of the basipetal transport. Plant Physiol 41 15-27... [Pg.132]

Jacobs WP (1976) Apolar movement of zeatin through Coleus petioles and Pisum roots as estimated by bioassay and radioactive labelling. Am J Bot 63 571-577 Jacobs WP (1977) Polarity of indoleacetic acid in young Coleus stems. Plant Physiol 60 95-97... [Pg.135]

Koevenig JL (1973) Nonpolar movement of N6-benzyladenine- C in coleoptile, stem, petiole and floral organ sections. Can J Bot 51. 2079-2083 Koevenig JL, Jacobs WP (1972) Effect of light on basipetal movement of indoleacetic acid in green stem sections of Coleus. Plant Physiol 49 866-867 Koevenig JL, Sillix D (1973) Movement of lAA in sections from spider flower (Cleome hassleriana) stamen filaments. Am J Bot 60 231-235... [Pg.137]

Mitchell EK, Davies PJ (1975) Evidence for three different systems of movement of indoleacetic acid in intact roots of Phaseolus coccineus. Physiol Plant 33 290-294 Mitchinson GJ (1980) The dynamics of auxin transport. Proc R Soc Lond B 209 489-511 Mittelheuser CJ, van Steveninck RFM (1971) Rapid action of abscisic acid on photosynthesis and stomatal resistance. Planta 97 83-86 Morath M (1972) Some early effects of auxin and of geotropic exposure on coleoptiles. In Kaldewey H, Vardar Y (eds) Hormonal regulation in plant growth and development. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 377-381 Morgan DG (1964) Influence of a-naphthylphthalamic acid on the movement of indolyl-3-acetic acid in plants. Nature 201 476-477... [Pg.140]

Naqvi SM, Gordon SA (1965) Auxin transport in flowering and vegetative shoots of Coleus blumei Benth. Plant Physiol 40 116-118 Naqvi SM, Gordon SA (1966) Auxin transport in Zea mays L. coleoptiles. I. Influence of gravity on the transport of indoleacetic acid-2-Plant Physiol 41 1113-1118 Naqvi SM, Dedolph RR, Gordon SA (1965) Auxin transport and geo tropical potential in corn coleoptile sections. Plant Physiol 40 966-968 Newman IA (1959) Electrical determination of transport of 3-indole acetic acid in Avena. Nature 184 1728-1729... [Pg.141]

Pilet PE (1964) Auxin transport in roots of Lens culinaris. Nature 204 561-562 Pilet PE (1965) Polar transport of radioactivity from " C-labelled- -indoleacetic acid in stems of Lens culinaris. Physiol Plant 18 687-702 Pilet PE (1968) In vitro and in vivo auxin and cytokinin transport. In Wightman F, Setterfield G (eds) Biochemistry and physiology of plant growth substances. Runge, Ottawa, pp 993-1004... [Pg.142]

Thimann KV, Wardlaw IF (1963) The effect of light on the uptake and transport of indoleacetic acid in the green stem of the pea. Physiol Plant 16 368-377 Thomson KSt, Leopold AC (1974) In vitro binding of morphactins and 1-N-naphthyl-phthalamic acid in corn coleoptiles and their effects on auxin transport. Planta 115 259-270... [Pg.145]

Thomson KSt, Hertel R, Muller S, Tavares JE (1973) 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid In vitro binding to particulate cell fractions and action on auxin transport in corn coleoptiles. Planta 109 337-352 Thornton RM, Thimann KV (1967) Transient effects of light on auxin transport in the Avena coleoptile. Plant Physiol 42 247-257 Tsurumi S, Ohwaki Y (1978) Transport of " C-labeled indoleacetic acid in Vicia root segments. Plant Cell Physiol 19 1195-1206... [Pg.145]

Zaerr JB (1968) Transport gradient of indoleacetic acid in pine seedlings. Physiol Plant 21 1265-1269... [Pg.148]

Jacobs WP (1977) Polarity of indoleacetic acid in young Coleus stems. Plant Physiol 60 95-97... [Pg.169]

Scheme 1. Molecular structure of the plant growth hormone auxin (indoleacetic acid, IAA). Extremely small amounts (nanomolar) can be detected by the auxin standard test 5 mm long segments of pea shoots elongate faster in the presence of exogenous auxin, which can be taken as a sensitive assay...

Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...