Coleus blumei

Coleus blumei cell suspension cultures 0.0005 rosmarinic acid-50 (52) ... 

CLOVER, white sweet (MtHlotus alba Desr.) COLEUS (Coleus blumei Benth.)... 

Coleus blumei Rosmarinic acid Polyphenol Anti-inflammatory... 

An early report by Epi ing and Jativa (1962) showing that S. divinorum was most closely allied to S. concolor Lamb ex. Benth led us to screen this species for salvinorin A content. Ethnobotanical reports suggesting that Coleus blumei was similarly used as a psychotropic by the Mazatec (Wasson, 1962) caused us to screen one sample of this species as well for possible content of 1. HPLC analysis of the leaf extracts of these two species did not show any salvinorin A present, nor was 1 found in leaf extracts of S. blepharophylla, S. chiapensis, S. gregii var. San Isidro, S. leucantha, S. membranacea or S. re cun-a. 

Salvia divinorum is, in the minds of the Mazatecs, only the most important of several plants, all Labiatae, that they regard as members of the same "family." Salvia divinorum is known as la hemhra, "the female." El macho, or "the male" is Coleus pumila, of European origin. Then there is el nene, "the child," and el ahijado, "the godson," which are both forms of Coleus Blumei. Some Indians insist that these others are likewise psychotropic, but we have not tried them others say these are merely medicinal. 

Research had confirmed that no parent simazine residues were found in treated com plants, and additional data on the dissipation pathway of simazine needed to be developed. Research also indicated that triazines interfered with the photosynthetic process on susceptible growing weeds, as evidenced by the appearance of chlorotic leaves. Steps were undertaken to elucidate simazine s dissipation pathway and herbicidal mode of action. In Basel, Dr. Gast (1958) showed that the accumulation of starch by common coleus (Coleus blumei Benth.) plants was inhibited from treatment with 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(alkyl-amino)-triazines due to the inhibition of sugar synthesis. At the same time, Moreland et al. (1958) found weed control activity could be reduced by supplying carbohydrates to the plants through their leaves and that simazine was a strong inhibitor of the Hill reaction in photosynthesis. Exer (1958) found that triazines inhibited the Hill reaction as strongly as urea of the CMU (monuron) type. 

Material Leaves of plant found in southern Mexico. Also used for same effect are leaves of Coleus blumei and C. pumila, common house plants. 

Ulbrich, B., Welsneer, W., and Arens, H., Large-scale production of rosmarinic acid from plant cell cultures of Coleus blumei Benth in Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plan Cell Cultures, (K. H. Neumann et al., Eds.), pp. 293-303, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1985)... 

Cast (1958), in his investigation of triazine herbicides, found that simazine, like urea herbicides, decreases the accumulation of starch in Coleus blumei. On the other hand, when plants kept in sugar solution were treated with simazine, starch formation was normal, which proved that simazine inhibits sugar synthesis. This result was supported by Moreland et al. (1958), who found that the phytotoxic effect of simazine can be prevented by the addition of carbohydrates. 

Szabo, E., Thelen, A., and Petersen, M. Fungal elicitor preparations and methyl jasmonate enhance rosmarinic acid accumulation in suspension cultures of Coleus blumei. 

Coleus blumei Anchusa officinalis Lithospermum erythrorhizon Morinda citrifolia Rubia fruticosa Syringa vulgaris Coptis japonica Thalictrum minus Berberis stolonifera Ruawolfia serpentina Catharanthus roseus... 

Enu-Kwesi L, Dumbroff EB (1977) Changes in abscisic acid and other inhibitors in seeds of Acer saccharum during stratification. Plant Physiol 59 Suppl, p 76 Ernest LC, Valdovinos JG (1971) Regulation of auxin levels in Coleus blumei by ethylene. Plant Physiol 48 402-406... 

Hemberg T (1972 b) The effect of kinetin on the occurrence of acid auxin in Coleus blumei. Physiol Plant 26 98-103... 

Tronchet A (1968) Quelques effets de la kinetine et de I acide gibberellique sur la forme et la structure anatomique des feuilles de Coleus blumei. Ann Sci Univ Besancon Bot 5 3-8... 

Fig. 3.7. An electrophotomicrograph of a transverse section through two adjacent parenchyma cells of the primary phloem region of a young internode of Coleus blumei. The plasmalemmasomes are located between plasmalemma and cell walls. (By courtesy of late Dr. Elisabeth Wangermann, Univ. of Leicester, Department of Botany, Leicester, U.K.)...

Banko TJ, Boe AA (1975) Effects of pH, temperature, nutrition, ethephon, and chlorome-quat on endogenous cytokinin levels of Coleus blumei Benth. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 100 168-172... 

Kaldewey H, Jacobs WP (1974) Movement and distribution of within petioles of intact Coleus blumei (Labiatae) after application of indole-3-(acetic acid-2-to the leaf surface. Am J Bot 61 699-706... 

Naqvi SM, Gordon SA (1965) Auxin transport in flowering and vegetative shoots of Coleus blumei Benth. Plant Physiol 40 116-118 Naqvi SM, Gordon SA (1966) Auxin transport in Zea mays L. coleoptiles. I. Influence of gravity on the transport of indoleacetic acid-2-Plant Physiol 41 1113-1118 Naqvi SM, Dedolph RR, Gordon SA (1965) Auxin transport and geo tropical potential in corn coleoptile sections. Plant Physiol 40 966-968 Newman IA (1959) Electrical determination of transport of 3-indole acetic acid in Avena. Nature 184 1728-1729... 

Table 4.1. Effects on sieve tube regeneration of lAA and sucrose substituted for distal shoot organs of Coleus blumei. (Data from LaMotte and Jacobs 1963)...

Wangermann E (1967) The effect of the leaf on differentiation of primary xylem in the internode of Coleus blumei Benth. New Phytol 66 747-754 Wangermann E (1970) Autoradiographic localization of soluble and insoluble from [ " C]indolylacetic acid supplied to isolated Coleus internodes. New Phytol 69 919-927 Wareing PF (1958) Interaction between indole-acetic acid and gibberellic acid in cambial activity. Nature 181 1744-1745... 

R. is common spread in rosemary, oregano, salvia, thyme and - peppermint. R. is extracted from plant cell cultures of Coleus blumei or produced in its racemic form by chemical synthesis. 

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