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Indicators OECD

OECD (Ed.) Environmental indicators - OECD Core Set, Paris, 1994... [Pg.236]

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 1998, Towards Sustainable Development Environmental Indicators, OECD Group on the State of the Environment, Paris, France. [Pg.33]

The development of any program aimed at reducing the impact on the environment by a product, a chemical or a substance in general should follow some basic rules that have been issued by OECD under the generic term of Environmental Indicators (OECD Publications-1998). [Pg.81]

Guidance on safety performance indicators OECD http //www2.oecd.org/safetyindicators... [Pg.192]

Nardo M, Saisana M, Saltelli A, Tarantola S, Hoffman A, Giovannini E (2005) Handbook on constructing composite indicators. OECD Statistics working paper. OECD, Paris... [Pg.380]

Trends in commercial fuel, eg, fossd fuel, hydroelectric power, nuclear power, production and consumption in the United States and in the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, are shown in Tables 2 and 3. These trends indicate (6,13) (/) a significant resurgence in the production and use of coal throughout the U.S. economy (2) a continued decline in the domestic U.S. production of cmde oil and natural gas lea ding to increased imports of these hydrocarbons (qv) and (J) a continued trend of energy conservation, expressed in terms of energy consumed per... [Pg.1]

International Energy Agency. (1997). Indicators of Energy Use and Efficiency Understanding the Link Between Energy- and Human Activity. Paris OECD/EIA. [Pg.572]

In the modified OECD Screening Test (OECD 301E), which indicates complete degradation or elimination according to the German Chemical Substances Control Act, alkanesulfonates are biodegradable to 95% (decrease in DOC, the dissolved organic carbon). [Pg.212]

Due to the superposition of various other biological, physiological and physical parameters used in modelling, the published exposure-dose conversion factors range from 2 to 120 mGy per WLM. However, a sensitivity analysis indicated that for most indoor exposure situations compensatory effects can reduce this range to about 5 to 10 mGy/WLM for the indoor situations occurring most frequently (OECD/NEA, 1983). [Pg.437]

It should be mentioned that the quantitative figures for the indicators are based on the available historical data and that very recent developments may not be reflected in this analysis. In addition to the quantitative indicator approach, results of other studies were also taken into account (Amorelli et al., 2004 FHIRST, 2004 HySociety, 2004 OECD, 2005). [Pg.534]

For in vitro testing the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) approved in 2004 test guideline 428 [37], which currently advocates the use of human, rat, and pig skin to measure cutaneous absorption by a vertical diffusion system (Franz cell). Dmg concentrations are followed in an acceptor fluid separated by the skin from the donor vehicle, which is applied to the external surface of the skin. Instead of human or animal skin, human skin models could be used as soon as the equivalence of their results are proven. Comparative studies indicate a correlation of penetration data in vitro and in humans [38]. [Pg.9]

The selection of variables is of central importance for the outcome of a system comparison on environmental and resource use impacts. The ideal variable or set of variables respectively provides information and describes the state of environmental phenomena with certain significance. Thus, applying a set of variables should make it possible to monitor and assess the state of the environment, to identify changes and trends, to transmit scientific data to become relevant for policy, and to evaluate already implemented policy measures. The concept of environmental indicators is broadly accepted as an adequate tool. Accordingly, an indicator is defined as a parameter or a value derived from parameters, which indicates the state of the environment with significance extending beyond that which is directly associated with a parameter value. A parameter s definition in this context is a property that is measured or observed (OECD 1994). Fieri et al. (1996) states that the purposes of indicators are as follows ... [Pg.6]

There is a general agreement within the research community that the DSR-framework is the most perfeeted and therefore the highest internationally accepted framework. This enhanees the international standard of environmental indicators (Munchhausen and Nieberg 1997, Walz et al. 1995). Due to these reasons and due to the international approach of the projeet, this study relies on the set of environmental indieators for the agricultural sector developed within the DSR-framework by the OECD. [Pg.7]

The OECD set of environmental indicators for the agricultural sector contains several sub-categories assigned to each of the three DSR-elements (OECD 1997) ... [Pg.8]

To summarise, the indicators to be looked at in this study adhere to the restrictions on indicators, which are in the evaluation frame shown in Figure 1. Basically, they correspond with the respective environmental indicators for agriculture suggested by the OECD (1997). The complete list of indicators, including the name of the section they will be analysed in, is shown in Table 2-2. [Pg.10]

Table 2-2 Environmental Indicators for organic farming based on the OECD list... Table 2-2 Environmental Indicators for organic farming based on the OECD list...
The OECD (1997) addresses biodiversity in agriculture and proposes to consider both domesticated and wild species. The diversity of varieties of crops and livestock breeds, the breadth of the genetic base and the state and trend in the genetic reservoir are the suggested indicators to measure biodiversity on domesticated species. Besides focusing on the number and population of wildlife species, key indicator wildlife species which are representative for certain habitats or are endangered or threatened respectively can be used (OECD 1997). [Pg.24]

To measure habitat diversity, the OECD (1997) proposes the following indicators ... [Pg.29]

The OECD eontinues to diseuss appropriate indicator concepts to measure agrieultural impact on landscapes because the value of landscape and the physieal impaet of agriculture is often subjective and other sectors contribute to rural landseapes as well (OECD 1997). Currently, there are two different indieator approaehes based on the following ... [Pg.31]

In order to address agri-environmental issues, the OECD (1997) developed soil quality indicators within their framework of environmental indicators. These foeus on the following factors of soil damage ... [Pg.35]

The protection of ground and surface water has major environmental priority because any contamination may cause a risk for its use in human and animal nutrition and may disturb aquatic biocoenosis. The OECD-indicator list (OECD 1997) subsummarises state and risk assessment approaches under this issue. We will confine our efforts to indicators that are appropriate to evaluate the impact of different farm management practices. [Pg.44]

Toxic contamination of water by pesticides can result from leaching through the soil profile into ground water, by surface runoff, by erosion of eontaminated soil particles, or direetly by pestieide applieation close to surface waters. For a comprehensive evaluation of the risk of pestieide residues to the environment, the OECD (1997) recommends a risk as well as a state approach within the framework of environmental indicators. [Pg.50]

The indicator category health and welfare, set up within the OECD framework for environmental indicators as a state category, only addresses the subject health and welfare from the farmer s side. From our point of view, the original OECD category lacks the two following important issues for the purposes of this study ... [Pg.74]

For the purpose of this study, the OECD set of environmental indicators for the agricultural sector has been adapted, taking into consideration only those indicators that directly affect the system of organic farming. Following indicator categories will be evaluated Ecosystem, natural resources, farm input and output, and health and welfare. [Pg.132]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.213 ]




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