Screened indicators

Large cations, such as the afore mentioned ammine complexes or organic cations like tetraphenylarsonium or tetrabutylammonium, have practically no influence on the internal vibrations of the anion. On the one hand the classical polarizing effect of the cation would be decreased because of the greater radius on the other hand, the large volume of the cation screens the anion so that all the lattice interactions would be decreased. Usually, in such cases, sharp and very clear anion bands are found, indicating screening (110, 115). 

Relationships in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Points at which ATP is produced or consumed are indicated. Compounds in the same metabolic pools are indicated by purple boxes. Three small pseudocycles (la, II, III) in the paired sequences occur between glycogen and pyruvate, or between glycogen and glucose (lb, II, III). Only enzymes that are unique to either glycolysis or gluconeogenesis are indicated (screened in blue). 

Electrogenerated radical ion chemiluminescence, produced on special coated electrodes, is claimed to be suitable as display elements [151], in indicator screens, as lasers with electrochemical pumping [152], or in computer and automation technology [153]. 

Keywords economic model, shareholder s profit, project cashflow, gross revenue, discounted cashflow, opex, capex, technical cost, tax, royalty, oil price, marker crude, capital allowance, discount rate, profitability indicators, net present value, rate of return, screening, ranking, expected monetary value, exploration decision making. 

Another useful profitability indicator is the internal rate of return (IRR), already introduced in the last section. This shows what discount rate would be required to reduce the NPV to zero. The higher the IRR, the more robust the project is, i.e. the more risk it can withstand before the IRR is reduced to the screening value of discount rate. Screening values are discussed below. 

A two-dimensional slice may be taken either parallel to one of the principal co-ordinate planes (X-Y, X-Z and Y-Z) selected from a menu, or in any arbitrary orientation defined on screen by the user. Once a slice through the data has been taken, and displayed on the screen, a number of tools are available to assist the operator with making measurements of indications. These tools allow measurement of distance between two points, calculation of 6dB or maximum amplitude length of a flaw, plotting of a 6dB contour, and textual aimotation of the view. Figure 11 shows 6dB sizing and annotation applied to a lack of fusion example. 

The 3D inspection system has a number of measuring and report utilities that enables the user to easily find, analyse and report possible indications in the test object. As an example, a moveable 2D projection view plane can be moved along e.g, the welding geometry dynamically updating the content of the 2D projection view window. Indications can be measured using any referenee co-ordinate system and the results and screen dumps can automatically be dumped in report files suited for later import into a word processing application. 

The calculated magnitude of the dipole moment of water (2 39 D) is displayed at the bottom of the screen The calculated direction is indicated by a yellow arrow... 

Properties of Selected Indicators, Mixed Indicators, and Screened Indicators for Acid-Base Titrations... 

Screened Indicator Acid Color Base Color pH Range... 

Filtered-Particle Inspection. Solids containing extensive inteiconnected porosity, eg, sintered metallic or fired ceramic bodies formed of particles that ate typically of 0.15-mm (100-mesh) screen size, are not inspectable by normal Hquid penetrant methods. The preferred test medium consists of a suspension of dyed soHd particles, which may be contained in a Hquid vehicle dyed with a different color. Test indications can form wherever suspensions can enter cracks and other discontinuities open to the surface and be absorbed in porous material along interior crack walls. The soHd particles that form test indications ate removed by filtration along the line of the crack at the surface where they form color or fluorescent indications visible under near-ultraviolet light (1,3). 

The + sign indicates retention on the screen the — sign indicates passage through the screen. 

Data for dry screening on a 20-mm square aperture vibrating screen (8) indicate that the screen is relatively efficient, giving an apparent bypass value of 0.5%, sharpness index of 0.8, and a cut size of 20 mm. On the other hand, results (9) from a plant operating an 8 ft x 20 ft (2.4 m x 6.1 m) double-deck screen with 16 mm woven wire bottom screen deck gave an apparent bypass of 4%, sharpness index of 0.56, and a cut size of 17 mm. Data (10) for smaller... 

In 1983 the move to develop red cell substitutes intensified when it was recognized that the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) could be transmitted by the blood-bome human immunodeficiency vims (HIV). Concern for the nation s blood supply followed. Since that time other retrovimses have been identified, efforts to screen blood not only for these agents but also for vimses that cause hepatitis have intensified, the indications for transfusion have been reevaluated, and the use of blood products has become much more efficient. More carehil screening of donors, testing of all donated units, and a general awareness in the donor population have all contributed to a decreased risk from transfusion-contracted AIDS. 

Catalyst testing and evaluation have been revolutionized by computers, automated test reactors, and analytical methods. With modem equipment, researchers can systematically prepare and screen many catalysts in a short time and efftciendy deterrnine, not only the initial catalytic activity and selectivity, but also the stabiUty and the appearance of trace products that may indicate some new catalytic properties worthy of further development. 

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