INDEX American Petroleum Institute

American Petroleum Institute atmospheric residue atmospheric residue hydroconversion American Society for Testing and Materials Association pour la Valorisation des Huiles Lourdes Anstalt fur Verbrennungskraftmaschinen List Bureau of Mines Correlation Index bromine number... 

World Patents Index / APIPAT ORBIT Derwent Information Ltd. American Petroleum Institute international limited bibhographic data patent families comprehensive English language abstracts of basic patents aU Wodd Patents Index and APIPAT indexing for subscribers... 

Other methods are also available for the estimation of diesel fuel quaUty. For example, the diesel index (DI) is defined by the relation DI = (A° F X ° API)/100, where A °F is the aniline point in degrees Fahrenheit and °API is the American Petroleum Institute gravity. A high aniline point corresponds to a high proportion of paraffins in the diesel fuel such a fuel has a high diesel index and, therefore, a high cetane number. 

Compilations of Reference Spectra There are several compilations of reference mass spectra available of which the oldest is the American Petroleum Institute (Ref 82) collection of spectra obtained mostiy on the older type instruments. Recent collections index spectra variously, eg, under reference number (Ref 19). molecular weight (Refs 12 19), molecular formula (Ref 19), fragment ion values (Ref 19), and base peak (Refs 12 19). A quarterly journal, Archives of Mass Spectral Data ... 

Technical Data Book - Petroleum Refining, American Petroleum Institute, New York, 1966. Washburn, E.W. International Critical Tables of Numerical Data, Physics, Chemistry and Technology, vol. 1-8 and index, McGraw-Hill, New York, 19261933. 

American Petroleum Institute http /api-ec.api.org/intro/index noflash.htm... 

APIPAT. This is the patent database produced by the American Petroleum Institute and covers patents from 1964 of interest to the petrochemical industry, including petroleum refining, pollution control, uses of petrochemicals, and catalysts. Enhanced indexing includes terms applied from a hierarchical thesaurus with automatic posting to the broader terms in the hierarchy. Fragments called chemical aspects are linked to describe each compound, and the compounds are further linked to roles (eg, reactant or product) and use (eg, antioxidant or lubricant). ORBIT provides access to a merged APIPAT/WPI file, which allows searchers to draw on the strengths of both databases without the need to search them separately (95). 

The mass spectra of compounds of known structure may be collected and indexed according to molecular weight or molecular formula, as in the American Petroleum Institute scheme. Large collections of reference spectra can be indexed and a matching search carried out by computer (e.g. Hites and Biemann, 1968 Crawford and Morrison, 1968a). The approach is the least subjective of the ones described in this section, but it requires the reference spectrum to be available before an identification can be made. The method can be extremely useful where a relatively limited range of compounds is studied repetitive. ... 

API. 1995a. Index and abstracts of API health-related Research. 13th Edition. 1959-1994. Health and Environmental Sciences Department, American Petroleum Institute. Washington, DC. 

Source W. A. Wright, A Proposed Modification of the ASTM Viscosity Index, Proceedings of the American Petroleum Institute annual meeting, Section III—Refining, pp. 535-541 (1964). With permission. 

Base stock specifications, as defined by the producer or the purchaser, largely enumerate the physical properties required for the fluid—typically density, viscosity at two temperatures, viscosity index (VI), low temperature performance measures, flash and volatility properties, and solubility information from aniline point or viscosity-gravity constant (VGC)—the latter two are usually for naphthenic base stocks. While chemical composition is responsible for physical properties, it usually only surfaces as measurements of heteroatom content—sulfur and nitrogen—and aromatics content (or conversely that of saturates). Sulfur and aromatics levels in paraffinic base stocks are now criteria for American Petroleum Institute (API) classifications. However, detailed chemical compositional information is needed to understand the chemistry of the unit processes, the effects of changes in feeds, catalysts, and operating conditions, and behaviors of finished lubricant products. 

Groundwater Protection. American Petroleum Institute. http //api ep.api.org/environment/index.cfm objectid=9EC44CD5 E167 49C4 8EBE7 B354E4B3CD9 method=display body er=i bitmask= 002008008000000000 (accessed on December 29, 2005). 

The most important physical and chemical properties of petroleum and its derivatives are the specific gravity, the kinematic viscosity, the flash point, the high and low heating value and the C, H, N, S, and 0 content. The specific gravity of petroleum is measured at 60°F for historical reasons and usually expressed as a dimensionless index of density called the degree API ( API) from the American Petroleum Institute and defined as follows ... 

A set of four Viscosity Modifier (VM) or Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) and their blends in American Petroleum Institute (API) group I to group IV base oils have been studied for key performance properties that is thickening tendencies, viscosity index improvement, shear stability, and shear stability indices. All the four base oils have been characterized by Infra Red spectroscopy for their chemical compositioa Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) has been used for characterizing the molecular weight distribution of VMs. 

Table I presents a summary of some of the literature pertinent to the phase behavior of a number of the lighter components of petroleum, listing publications. In this table the specific references for each subject are identified by an index number applicable to an American Documentation Institute reference 59). The large number of entries involved does not permit the inclusion of the specific references as part of this discussion. The marked increase in publication found in the past five years appears typical of the general growth of research activities, although in part it may result from a more complete literature search in this period.

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