Incendiary mixture

Oil and Metal Incendiary Mixtures. PTl is a complex mixture composed of magnesium dust, magnesium oxide, and carbon (qv), along with an adequate amount of petroleum (qv) and asphalt (qv) to form the paste (7). The U.S. developers have adopted the formula type c paste (goop),... 

Poly(trimethyleneterephthalate) (PTT) PTV (oil-metal incendiary mixture), 5 827 p-type (positive) silicon, 23 35 p-type dopants... 

More peaceful uses of these crude articles appeared in the form of fire crackers - the first fireworks One mixture corresponded quite closely to modern gunpowder in that it contained saltpetre, sulfur and willow charcoal. The fire cracker was said to consist of a loosely-filled parchment tube tied tightly at both ends and with the introduction of a small hole to accept a match or fuse. All of these incendiary mixtures, presumably containing saltpetre, are mentioned in Chinese work dating... 

The use of incendiary mixtures in warfare can be traced back to ancient times, when it provided an effective means of assaulting well-fortified castles. Naval warfare was revolutionized by the use of flaming missiles to attack wooden ships, and much effort was put into improving the heat output, portability, and accuracy of these thermal weapons. 

Huo quiang), which were tubes, 0.8m long made of 16 piled sheets of strong paper charged with an incendiary mixture and porcelain fragments. On ignition the flame shot no less than 3 meters (Ref 66, p 17)... 

Beside the Bible, the first reliable record of incendiary mixtures was given by the Greek tactician Aeneas, who, at about 350 BC, compiled the. first European treatise on the art of war. He listed sulfur, pitch, pinewood, incense and tow as principal incendiary ingredients Seven centuries later (AD 350), Vegetius, a Roman military authority, added resin, bitumen and petroleum oils to this list which indicates a significant advance in incendiary technique All of these mixtures, however, were of low efficiency because they burned quickly and could easily be extinguished with water... 

A variation of the preheated iron shot was the hollow projectile charged with incendiary mixtures, intended to bring the shell to a red hot temperature after impact. This device was not as effective, however, as solid iron balls, or the previously described missiles hurled by catapults... 

The following additional incendiary mixtures and devices were invented in Europe in the 19th century ... 

API), has the lead point filler replaced by an incendiary composition. It is also used primarily against aircraft. The API bullet is similar to (I), except that the incendiary is ahead of the steel core. The cal. 50 API bullet contains 15 grains of the incendiary mixture consisting of barium nitrate and aluminum-magnesium powder. This mixture ignites on impact... 

It was in the shape of an elongated shotgun shell and contained an incendiary mixture consisting of Ba(C103)2 54, rosin 16, A1 14 and asphaltum varnish 16%. The primer was a mixture of reduced iron and KMn04... 

It was used in anti-aircraft fire (Ref 9, p 55) 5-inch Incendiary Rocket, used at ranges of about 5,000 yds, was an effective weapon when fired from landing craft in amphibious operations. The rocket head was loaded with thermite or oil incendiary mixtures... 

Note The USP 2530491 2530492 and 2530493 describe various modifications of the above incendiary mixture... 

J. Allovio, USP 2988438 (1961) CA 55, 25257 (1961) claims a free-flowing, homogeneous incendiary mixture of granular material uniformly dispersed in a polymeric matrix... 

It contd 10.7 oz of Incendiary Mixture and its base was NC proplnt and two BkPdr delays. 

Shoeiyaku. Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate (PETN), C(CH2ON02)4 mw 316.14, N 17.72% wh crysts, d 1.77, mp 141° Brisance by Plate Dent Test 129% TNT Explosion Temperature 225° (decomp in 5 secs) Impact Sensitivity BurMines-App, 2-kg Wt 17cm (vs 100+ for TNT) Power by Ballistic Mortar Test 145% TNT Rate of Detonation 8300m/sec (Ref 8, p 276). Pressed PETN was used in Army 7.7 12.7-mm Fuzeless Projectiles and 20-mm MG Projs. Also in Boosters. Its mixt with TNT is called Pentoriru (qv). PETN with 8.5% wax was used for loading 20-mm Shells. Its mixtures with RDX were used in 7.7 12.7-mm Projectiles. PETN was also used in Incendiary Mixtures (Ref 1, p 27 Ref 5, p 372)... 

White Phosphorus (WP) (Hakurin). It was used as an Incendiary and in Incendiary Mixtures in Bombs, Grenades and Projectiles, described here under Incendiaries and in Refs 2 3, WP was also used in Smoke Compositions as described here under Smoke Producing Materials, items d, e, h and in Refs 2 3... 

Bullet Incendiary, Explosive, Caliber. 50, FATl, shown in Fig Ex8 consisted of gilding metal clad steel jacket, contg 10 grains of compressed incendiary mixture IM 11, detonator M17, 37 grams of Tetryl added successively and 360 grains Pb-Sb slug its base was flat total wt of bullet 628 grains Bullet, Incendiary, Explosive, Caliber. 50,... 

F33B. Gasless incendiary mixture Zr (200 mesh) 41.0, Fe203 (pigment grade, red) 49.0 "Superfloss" 10%... 

Flaming Thermit. An incendiary mixture developed by the British during WWI and used in dietr small unit (cluster) bombs. It was a mixture of commercial thermit and barium nitrate... 

The incendiary bombs usually contained thermite or magnesium incendiary mixture, and some smoke bombs contained a titanium tetrachloride mixture... 

Guerilla Incendiary Mixture. According to Stetcbacher (Ref) the following expl incendiary mixt was used by guerillas during WWII. It was prepd by dissolving about... 

Prepare 16 g of an incendiary mixture (see p. 202). Insert a magnesium ribbon into the hollow made with a test tube and spill the incendiary mixture into the hollow. Place the crucible into a bath with sand. Perform the experiment on the floor near a fume cupboard or in one. Carefully ignite the magnesium ribbon with a burning splinter inserted into a long glass tube. After the flash, let the molten substance cool, break it up, and extract the metal bead. 

Prepare an incendiary mixture by shaking 5 g of an aluminium powder and 15 g of barium peroxide in a jar. (2 o not triturate the mixture in a mortar ) Spill the incendiary mixture into the hollow made in the reaction mass and insert a magnesium ribbon cleaned of oxide. Place the crucible on a pan and spill dry sand over it from all sides. Ignite the magnesium ribbon with a burning splinter insert-... 

Ejecting Projectiles (Ger). Special projectiles which ejected incendiary missiles on approaching a target (such as an airplane) were developed during WWII at Krummel Fabrik of Dynamit AG but did not come to the manufacturing stage. These projs contd several hollow steel cylinders, each of which was filled with an incendiary mixture consisting of Ba peroxide, powdered A1 and Fe. 

The so-called AP (armot-piercing incendiary) projectile contains an incendiary mixture and the API-T (armor-piercing incendiary tracer) is similar, to API but has a tracer in the rear of the bullet (Ref 6, p 65)... 

I—LEADANTIMQNY BASE FILLER K-GILOING METAL CLAD P- INCENDIARY MIXTURE STEEL CONTAINER... 

The capillary fuze i simple to construct and use. Popular with the anarchists around the turn of the century, it fell into disuse with the introduction of cheap, reliable alarm clocks and the increased availability of electric blasting caps. Speculation has it that the San Francisco Market Street bomb of 1916 used a timer of this type. It can be quite accurate if all the variables—including temperature, angle, and construction of the wick—are taken into account. This is why it should be thoroughly tested before being used on an operation. In operation, the sulphuric acid is drawn up the cotton wick by capillary action until it contacts the chlorate, at which time it ignites. The blob of chlorate can be imbedded in an incendiary mixture, a nonelectric blasting cap, or what have you. 

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